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16

A

FRICA

:N

ORTHERNAND

E

ASTERN

five years,however,statisticalevidenceshows thateffortsby thegovernments

andpeoplesof these countriesarebeginning topayoff.

When it comes to socialprogress,oneof theSPI’s categoriesofprogress

is Basic Human Needs. This category includes nutrition and basic medical

care,waterandsanitationefforts,shelter,andpersonalsafety. InNorthAfrican

countries,manyofthesebasicneedsareachallengeforpeopletomeet.However,

efforts to improve theseneedshavebegunandcontinue tobe important to local

governments.

Challenges remainwhen itcomes tohousingandeducation inMorocco,butprospectscanbe

promisingamid theabundant rangeofMediterraneanand tropical fruitsand vegetables in

theopen-airWeekmarket inMarrakesh.

17

B

ASIC

H

UMAN

N

EEDS

NorthAfrica:Basichealthcare,water,andsanitation

When lookingat theSPIscores forbasichumanneeds,manyof thecountries in

NorthAfricashare thesamestrengthsandweaknesses.Algeria,Morocco,and

Tunisia, forexample,havestrongerscores inbasicmedicalcareandwaterand

sanitation.Similarly,mostNorthAfricancountries,suchasAlgeria,Egypt,and

Morocco, need to improvemostwhen it comes to shelter and personal safety.

Overall, theSocialProgress Imperativeconsiders thesecountries’scoresas in

themedium range.

Although these countries received their higher scores in the areas of

basicmedical care,mostAfrican countries are considered the leasthealthiest

in theworldwhen lookingat statistics that include lifeexpectancyatbirth, the

numberofphysiciansper1,000people in the country, thenumberofdeathsof

childrenunder theageoffiveper1,000 livebirths (childmortality rate),and the

number of deaths ofmothers giving birth per 100,000 live births.When these

statisticsare considered,mostAfricannations fallbehindother countries.The

goodnews is thatmanyof thesemeasurementsare improving.Forexample, in

Algeria, life expectancy in 2010was

72.By

2013 it had increased to 73, and by

2015 itwas76. InEgypt lifeexpectancywas73 in2010and74 in2015.

The infant mortality rate in many North African countries is also

improving. In Libya, for example, the number of deaths of children under

the age of five per 1,000 live birthswas 14 in

2010.By

2013 that number had

decreased to 12, and itwas 11by 2015. InMorocco thatnumber changed from

29 in 2010 to 26 by 2013, and 23 by 2015. In Sudan these figures decreased

between 2010 and 2013, but they aremuch higher than in Libya andMorocco.

Therewere 55 deaths of children under the age of five per 1,000 live births in

Mason Crest

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34

SOCIAL PROGRESS

AND SUSTAINABILI TY

This 10-volume series is a unique primer for students

and educators interested in how people around the

world experience everyday life. Highlighting the issues

of shelter and resources, nutrition and health, education

and economic opportunity, and political rights, this

first-of-a-kind series incorporates new measures of

prosperity, particularly the Social Progress Index of the

Social Progress Imperative.

AN INSPIRING INTRODUCTION BY SOCIAL PROGRESS IMPERATIVE EXECUTIVE

DIRECTOR MICHAEL GREEN ACCOMPANIES EACH VOLUME. WHILE INTRODUCING

YOUNG READERS TO THE PRESSING CONCERNS OF LIFE AND SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT IN EVERY REGION OF THE WORLD, THE SERIES INCLUDES SOCIAL

STUDIES TOPICS AND PERTINENT COVERAGE OF CORE HISTORY.

Actual Text Size

Algeria, life expectancy in 2010 was 72. By 2013 it had increased to 7

2015 it was 76. In Egypt life expectancy was 73 in 2010 and 74 in 2015.

The infant mortality rate in many North African countries

improving. In Libya, for example, the number of deaths of childr

ve per 1,000 live births was 14 in 2010. By 2013 that nu

decreased to 12, and it was 11 by 2015. In Morocco that number chan

the age of fi