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Pelvic vein incompetence and chronic pelvic
pain are strongly associated
The frequency of pelvic vein incompetence in both chronic pelvic pain patients and healthy
women has been shown to be very much higher than expected, with a strong statistical
association between chronic pelvic pain and pelvic venous incompetence, a case-control
study shows.
D
avid Riding, MSc, MBChB, MRCS,
of the University of Manchester
and University Hospital of
South Manchester, UK, explained that
chronic pelvic pain affects 24% of
premenopausal women, accounts for
20–30% of gynaecology outpatient
appointments, and costs €3.8 billion
per year.
Despite extensive investigation includ-
ing laparoscopy, 55% of women fail to
receive a diagnosis and endure persis-
tent symptoms. Women with pelvic vein
incompetence describe a dull pelvic
ache throughout the day that is worse
on standing and sitting.
Dr Riding and colleagues set out to
explore the frequency of pelvic vein
incompetence in women with chronic
pelvic pain vs matched healthy controls.
Women with chronic pelvic pain with
no gynaecological cause despite
diagnostic laparoscopy investigation
were invited to participate. Age- and
parity-matched healthy volunteers were
recruited as controls.
A validated transvaginal Duplex ultra-
sound technique was used to detect
pelvic vein incompetence, de ned as
reflux >0.7 s throughout the ovarian or
internal iliac veins in the semistanding
position with reflux into second-order
veins, pelvic varices, or the thigh. All par-
ticipants completed validated symptom
and generic health status questionnaires.
An interim analysis was conducted after
recruiting 100 subjects, including 44
matched case-control pairs. Pelvic vein
incompetence was found in 15 (34.1%)
women with chronic pelvic pain and in
seven (15.9%) healthy controls (P = 0.046).
Pelvic varices were found in 12 (27.3%)
women with CPP and only one (2.3%)
control (P = 0.002). ‘Dull’ pain was expe-
rienced by 54.5% of women with pelvic
vein incompetence (case or control) vs
22.7% of those without pelvic vein incom-
petence (P = 0.005).
Women with pelvic vein incompetence
were more likely to experience pain
throughout the day. Mean EuroQol-5D
3L quality of life scores were signi cantly
lower in cases than controls for overall
health evaluation (72.6% vs 86.9%, P <
0.001) and health state description (69%
vs 98%, P < 0.001).
Dr Riding concluded that the frequency
of pelvic vein incompetence in both
chronic pelvic pain patients and healthy
women was very much higher than
expected, with a strong statistical asso-
ciation between pelvic vein incompe-
tence and chronic pelvic pain. Pelvic vein
incompetence was also associated with
a characteristic symptom pro le of dull
lower abdominal, pelvic and thigh pain
that lasts throughout the day.
Though chronic pelvic pain was clearly
associated with reduced self-percep-
tion of health, patients were often dis-
charged from clinical services before
pelvic vein incompetence has been
excluded. A randomised controlled trial
of coil/foam occlusion of incompetent
pelvic veins in women with chronic
pelvic pain is underway to explore the
ef cacy of treatment.
"
Though chronic pelvic pain was clearly associated
with reduced self-perception of health, patients
were often discharged from clinical services before
pelvic vein incompetence has been excluded.
© RCOG World Congress 2017
Dr David Riding
BENIGN GYNAECOLOGY
PRACTICEUPDATE CONFERENCE SERIES •
RCOG World Congress 2017
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