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Brasilia are those built around the Plaza of the Three Powers and the Hall of

Government. In that area, the offices of the Brazilian National Congress are

housed in two twin skyscrapers flanked by the semispheres of the House of the

Senate and the Chamber of Deputies.

With a population of nearly 21 million people, São Paulo is Brazil’s larg-

est city. Founded by Jesuit missionaries in 1554, São Paulo became a thriving

metropolis because of the coffee trade. Today, more than 20,000 industrial

factories of various sizes are located in São Paulo, which is also the country’s

financial center and the center of the textile industry.

Many people consider Rio de Janeiro one of the most beautiful cities in the

world. With its azure harbor and steep mountain cliffs, the city is home to stun-

ning beaches, modern apartment buildings, and wide, tree-lined boulevards.

SURFS UP

From the Copacabana to Ipanema, Rio de Janeiro’s Atlantic coast

beaches are framed by mountains and Rio’s beautiful skyline. At eleven

miles (17.7 km), the Barra da Tijuca is the longest of Rio’s beaches. Surfers,

body boarders, windsurfers, among others flock to Barra da Tijuca to ride the

wild waves that slam into the white sand. One of Rio’s smallest beaches is Praia

Vermelha, located in a protected cove. Visitors can take a cable car to the top of

Sugarloaf Mountain, which looms 1,300 feet (396.3 m) over the beach.

An aerial view of Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro's longest beach.