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Neurogenic inflammation
Vascular changes
• Vascular endoltelial growth factor (VEGF) is present is
the epidermis and is expressed by infiltrating cells
• VEGF receptor-ligand binding contributes to vascular
changes and cellular infiltrate
• The intestinal vasoactive peptide (VIP) is increased in
the serum and in the cutaneous blood vessels of the
phymomatous R
• LL37 induces cell-endothelial changes promoting
vascular effects on rosacea