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In the Toronto study of 776 patients, all patients with a PSA rising beyond
30 months were investigated by prostate biopsy examination,
and, if the biopsy was negative, systemic staging was initiated as PSA
approached 10 ng/ml and there were:
- 8 local failures (1.0%)
- 8 distant failures (1.0%)
- 9 failures of unknown site (1.2%)
Thus,
the local relapse rate should range from 1.0% to 2.2%
, but it is likely
to be closer to the biopsy-proven 1.0% of patients, because all other men
with biochemical failure in this cohort had negative biopsy results