Atlas of Pathos Chapter 6

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C a r d i o v a s c u l a r D i s o r d e r s
Chapter 6 • Cardiovascular Disorders59
Ventricular septal defect
Opening
between the left
and right
ventricles
Transposition of great arteries
Pulmonary
artery
rising from
the left
ventricle
Aorta rising
from the
right
ventricle
Tetralogy of Fallot
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary veins
Right ventricular
outflow tract
obstruction
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Right ventricular
hypertrophy
Aorta
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary veins
Left atrium
Overriding aorta
Ventricular
septal defect
Left ventricle
CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS (continued)
• Arterial blood gas analysis reveals hypoxemia and acid-base
disturbances.
• Atrial balloon septostomy (for transposition of the great
arteries).
Treatment
• Surgery
• Medications, such as diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme
inhibitors, indomethacin (for PDA), and prostaglandin
• Oxygen therapy
• Antibiotic prophylaxis
• Atrial balloon septostomy (for transposition of the great
arteries)
• Treatment of complications