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1. With some exceptions in Armenia where water supply is
covered by Water Management Plans under development as
required by legal provisions.
2. The recommendations have been proposed following
consultations held at the Regional Stakeholder Meeting
“Climate change and adaptation in the South Caucasus
mountains”, 29–30 September 2015, Tbilisi, Georgia. They do
not necessarily reflect the views or policies of any governmental
authority or institution.
3. Taking into account the respective political environment
allowing for such an approach.
4. Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Russian Federation,
Turkey, and Iran.
5. Non-Annex I parties are mostly developing countries that
have ratified or acceded to the UNFCCC but are not required
to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. The Convention was
ratified by Armenia on 14 May 1993, by Azerbaijan on 16 May
1995, and by Georgia – 29 June 1994. The Kyoto Protocol was
ratified by Armenia on 25 April 2003, by Azerbaijan on 28 Sept
2000, and by Georgia on 16 June 1999.
6. The climate in the Greater Caucasus ranges between cold-
moderate mountain and high mountain meadow while the
foothills are predominantly thermo-moderate and humid
mountain. The climate in the Lesser Caucasus is predominately
temperate semi-arid, temperate semi-humid and temperate
arid mountain. The foothills are thermo-moderate and humid
mountain and thermo-moderate-arid
7. Study does not include all glaciers in the region.
8. The estimation assumes no adaptation within a scenario of
medium impact (Ahouissoussi
et al
. 2014).
9. Under the Medium Impacts Scenario, with assumption
of no adaptation and no constraints on irrigation water
(Ahouissoussi
et al
. 2014).
10. Under the Medium Impacts Scenario, with assumption
of no adaptation and no constraints on irrigation water
(Ahouissoussi
et al
. 2014).
11. Under the Medium Impacts Scenario, with assumption
of no adaptation and no constraints on irrigation water
(Ahouissoussi
et al
. 2014).
12. Under the Medium Impacts Scenario, with assumption
of no adaptation and no constraints on irrigation water
(Ahouissoussi
et al
. 2014).
13. The reduction in river flow is expected to continue to a
reduction of 25 per cent by 2070 and 40 per cent by 2100
(MoNP 2015).
1
4
6-7
10
11
12
13
14
16
18
19
21
23
24-25
26
26
28-29
30
31
32
34
35
41
43
44
45
50
51
52-53
55
57
59
61
63
64-65
67
68
70
71
72
73
75
76
79
81
88
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Kakha Artsivadze
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Notes
Photo credits
14. Previous collective farming in Georgia.
15. (Decree No. 276, dated 19 February 2009)
16. Georgia´s share of total primary energy supply in 2013 was
natural gas: 35.6 per cent, oil: 25.3 per cent, hydro: 18.3 per cent,
biofuels/waste 12.4 per cent, geothermal/solar/wind 0.4 per cent,
coal 8.1 per cent.
17. Azerbaijan´s share of total primary energy supply in 2013 was
natural gas 65.0 per cent, hydro: 0.9 per cent, oil: 33.0 per cent,
biofuels/waste 1.1 per cent.
18. Armenia´s share of total primary energy supply in 2013 was
gas: 62.2 per cent, nuclear: 20.5 per cent, hydro: 6.2 per cent,
oil 10.8, biofuels/waste 0.3 per cent.
19. Azerbaijan-2020: Look to the future Development Conception
(President of Azerbaijan n/a); State Programme on poverty
reduction and sustainable development (2008–2015)
(President of Azerbaijan 2008a); State Programme on
Ensuring Reliable Food Provision to Population (2008–2015)
(President of Azerbaijan 2008b)
20. Regional development strategy of Azerbaijan (2014–2018)
was disregarded in this analysis, as it has no reference neither
to climate change adaptation or other relevant issues, nor to
mountain regions
21. Programme documents have more concrete character and usually
envisage specific funding allocation per measure indicated.
22. Report on the project “Management plan for South water
basin of Armenia”, USAID, Armenia, July 2015.