3rd ICAI 2024

International Conference on Automotive Industry 2024

Mladá Boleslav, Czech Republic

The ISO 14025:2006 standard presents the principles and requirements for the preparation of environmental declarations (EPD Environmental Product Declarations type III). Product Category Rules (PCR) are developed for given product categories, within the existing environmental declaration systems. The International EPD® System (http://www.environdec.com/) is the global environmental declaration program. The analysis in EPD must be perform according to PCR. In accordance with the ISO 14025:2006 standard, PCRs include sets of specific principles, guidelines and requirements that enable the development of environmental declarations for a given product category. These declarations are based on life cycle assessment. Environmental declarations are a set of data reflecting the material, energy and fuel consumption, as well as the pollutants and waste-generating properties of a given product at particular stages of its life cycle. EPD presents the results of LCA in relation to individual impact categories, including: carbon footprint, acidification potential, eutrophication potential, photochemical ozone creation potential, ozone depletion potential, abiotic depletion potential for minerals and metals (non-fossil resources), abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources and water depletion potential. LCA covers the entire product life cycle from extraction of raw material and its acquisition, the production of energy and materials and manufacturing, the exploitation and processing after the operation and demolition (Bauer et al. 2015, Burchart-Korol et al. 2020, Cimprich et al. 2023, Folęga et al. 2022, Joshi et al. 2022). EPD is a voluntary declaration on the part of manufacturers, but increasingly required by many public transport operators like buses. Obtaining EPD for public transport operators confirms that the company cares for the environment, taking into account the entire life cycle. The declaration includes general information, information about the bus, information about the methodology used for the LCA, the LCA results and the analysis of the LCA results. The most important element to develop an EPD declaration is to conduct a life cycle analysis of public transport. LCA analyzes include the following stages: from the extraction and transport of raw materials, through the production of components and the vehicle and the transport of the finished product to the customer, to the phase of operation, maintenance and disposal of the vehicle. An important stage in the development of the declaration is the verification process, carried out by independent experts. In the case of buses the following norms and standards are taken into account for EPD development: • PCR rules (Product Category Rules UN CPC 49112 and 49113) • GPI (General Program Instructions) • ISO 14025, • ISO 14040, ISO 14044. EPD structure is presented on the example of an electric bus. Data based on declarations of Solaris Urbino 18 electric bus were used for the analyses (Environmental Product 3. A framework of EPD development in automotive industry based on the example of a bus

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