![Show Menu](styles/mobile-menu.png)
![Page Background](./../common/page-substrates/page0204.png)
quire tracheotomy and male patients with GPA-SGS re-
quired more frequent subglottic airway procedures than
female patients with GPA-SGS.
Submitted for Publication:
July 13, 2012; final revision
received September 27, 2012; accepted October 15, 2012.
Correspondence:
Joshua S. Schindler, MD, Department
of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon
Health and Science University, 3181 SWSam Jackson Park
Rd, Mail Code PV-01, Portland, OR 97239 (schindlj
@ohsu.edu).
Author Contributions:
All authors had full access to all
the data in the study and takes responsibility for the in-
tegrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Study concept and design:
Taylor, Clayburgh, Rosen-
baum, and Schindler.
Acquisition of data:
Taylor, Clay-
burgh, Rosenbaum, and Schindler.
Analysis and inter-
pretation of data:
Taylor, Clayburgh, Rosenbaum, and
Schindler.
Drafting of the manuscript:
Taylor and Clay-
burgh.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important in-
tellectual content:
Clayburgh, Rosenbaum, and Schin-
dler.
Statistical analysis:
Taylor and Clayburgh.
Study
supervision:
Rosenbaum and Schindler.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures:
Dr Rosenbaum is a paid
consultant for Genentech.
Funding/Support:
Research by Dr Rosenbaum is, in part,
funded by Research to Prevent Blindness (New York),
Genentech, the Stan andMadelle Rosenfeld Family Trust,
the William and Mary Bauman Foundation, and the Wil-
liam C. Kuzell Foundation.
Previous Presentation:
This study was presented at the
Annual American Broncho-Esophagological Associa-
tion Meeting; April 19, 2012; San Diego, California.
Additional Contributions:
Jess Mace, MPH, provided as-
sistance with the statistical analysis.
REFERENCES
1. Herrington HC, Weber SM, Andersen PE. Modern management of laryngotra-
cheal stenosis.
Laryngoscope
. 2006;116(9):1553-1557.
2. Langford CA, Sneller MC, Hallahan CW, et al. Clinical features and therapeutic
management of subglottic stenosis in patients with Wegener’s granulomatosis.
Arthritis Rheum
. 1996;39(10):1754-1760.
3. Grillo HC, Mark EJ, Mathisen DJ, Wain JC. Idiopathic laryngotracheal stenosis
and its management.
Ann Thorac Surg
. 1993;56(1):80-87.
4. Roediger FC, Orloff LA, Courey MS. Adult subglottic stenosis: management with
laser incisions and mitomycin-C.
Laryngoscope
. 2008;118(9):1542-1546.
5. Finkielman JD, Lee AS, Hummel AM, et al; WGET Research Group. ANCA are
detectable in nearly all patients with active severe Wegener’s granulomatosis.
Am J Med
. 2007;120(7):643-, e9-e14.
6. Devaney KO, Travis WD, Hoffman G, Leavitt R, Lebovics R, Fauci AS. Interpre-
tation of head and neck biopsies in Wegener’s granulomatosis: a pathologic study
of 126 biopsies in 70 patients.
Am J Surg Pathol
. 1990;14(6):555-564.
7. Myer CM III, O
’
Connor DM, Cotton RT. Proposed grading system for subglottic
stenosis based on endotracheal tube sizes.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol
. 1994;
103(4, pt 1):319-323.
8. Hoffman GS, Kerr GS, Leavitt RY, et al. Wegener granulomatosis: an analysis of
158 patients.
Ann Intern Med
. 1992;116(6):488-498.
9. Dedo HH, Catten MD. Idiopathic progressive subglottic stenosis: findings and
treatment in 52 patients.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol
. 2001;110(4):305-311.
10. Ashiku SK, Kuzucu A, Grillo HC, et al. Idiopathic laryngotracheal stenosis: effec-
tive definitive treatment with laryngotracheal resection.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
.
2004;127(1):99-107.
11. Valdez TA, Shapshay SM. Idiopathic subglottic stenosis revisited.
Ann Otol Rhi-
nol Laryngol
. 2002;111(8):690-695.
12. Stone JH; Wegener’s Granulomatosis Etanercept Trial Research Group. Limited
versus severe Wegener’s granulomatosis: baseline data on patients in the We-
gener’s granulomatosis etanercept trial.
Arthritis Rheum
. 2003;48(8):2299-
2309.
13. Lebovics RS, Hoffman GS, Leavitt RY, et al. The management of subglottic ste-
nosis in patients with Wegener’s granulomatosis.
Laryngoscope
. 1992;102
(12, pt 1):1341-1345.
14. Jindal JR, Milbrath MM, Shaker R, Hogan WJ, Toohill RJ. Gastroesophageal re-
flux disease as a likely cause of “idiopathic” subglottic stenosis.
Ann Otol Rhinol
Laryngol
. 1994;103(3):186-191.
15. Maronian NC, Azadeh H, Waugh P, Hillel A. Association of laryngopharyngeal
reflux disease and subglottic stenosis.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol
. 2001;110
(7, pt 1):606-612.
16. Poetker DM, Ettema SL, Blumin JH, Toohill RJ, Merati AL. Association of airway
abnormalities and risk factors in 37 subglottic stenosis patients.
Otolaryngol Head
Neck Surg
. 2006;135(3):434-437.
17. Koufman JA. The otolaryngologic manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux dis-
ease (GERD): a clinical investigation of 225 patients using ambulatory 24-hour
pH monitoring and an experimental investigation of the role of acid and pepsin
in the development of laryngeal injury.
Laryngoscope
. 1991;101(4, pt 2)(suppl
53):1-78.
18. Church AC, Goldsmith K, Sivasothy P. Aspiration and development of subglottic
stenosis in patients with Wegener’s granulomatosis.
J Laryngol Otol
. 2010;
124(4):393-396.
19. Blumin JH, Johnston N. Evidence of extraesophageal reflux in idiopathic sub-
glottic stenosis.
Laryngoscope
. 2011;121(6):1266-1273.
20. Gluth MB, Shinners PA, Kasperbauer JL. Subglottic stenosis associated with We-
gener’s granulomatosis.
Laryngoscope
. 2003;113(8):1304-1307.
21. Hoffman GS, Thomas-Golbanov CK, Chan J, Akst LM, Eliachar I. Treatment of
subglottic stenosis, due to Wegener’s granulomatosis, with intralesional corti-
costeroids and dilation.
J Rheumatol
. 2003;30(5):1017-1021.
22. Smith ME, Elstad M. Mitomycin C and the endoscopic treatment of laryngotra-
cheal stenosis: are two applications better than one?
Laryngoscope
. 2009;
119(2):272-283.
23. Perepelitsyn I, Shapshay SM. Endoscopic treatment of laryngeal and tracheal ste-
nosis: has mitomycin C improved the outcome?
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
.
2004;131(1):16-20.
24. Wester JL, Clayburgh DR, Stott WJ, Schindler JS, Andersen PE, Gross ND.
Airway reconstruction in Wegener’s granulomatosis-associated laryngotra-
cheal stenosis.
Laryngoscope
. 2011;121(12):2566-2571.
25. Giudice M, Piazza C, Foccoli P, Toninelli C, Cavaliere S, Peretti G. Idiopathic sub-
glottic stenosis: management by endoscopic and open-neck surgery in a series
of 30 patients.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
. 2003;260(5):235-238.
JAMA OTOLARYNGOL HEAD NECK SURG/VOL 139 (NO. 1), JAN 2013
WWW.JAMAOTO.COM184