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CONTENTS
PART I.
INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1.
General introduction
9
PART II.
CURRENT NUTRITIONAL PRACTICES
Chapter 2.
Worldwide survey of nutritional practices in PICUs
31
PART III.
ENERGY EXPENDITURE
Chapter 3.
Validation of ventilator-derived VCO
2
measurements to determine
55
energy expenditure in ventilated critically ill children
Chapter 4.
Use of indirect calorimetry to detect overfeeding in critically ill children;
69
finding the appropriate definition
PART IV.
SUPPLEMENTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITION
Chapter 5.
Evidence for the use of parenteral nutrition in the pediatric intensive
87
care unit
Chapter 6.
Impact of withholding early parenteral nutrition completing enteral
105
nutrition in pediatric critically ill patients (PEPaNIC trial):
study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Chapter 7.
Early versus late parenteral nutrition in critically ill children
123
PART V.
DISCUSSION AND SUMMARY
Chapter 8.
General discussion
153
Chapter 9.
Summary/Samenvatting
177
PART VI.
APPENDICES
List of abbreviations
193
About the author
195
List of publications
197
PhD portfolio
198
Dankwoord
201