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Assessment Report on
Zingiber officinale
Roscoe, rhizoma
Ginger – Non-Clinical Data
– Antiemetic
Gingerols
and
shogaols
seem to be active components
– Anti-inflammatory
Gingerols
and
shogaols
seem to be active anti-inflammatory components
– Antioxidant
The main pungent constituents,
6-gingerol
and
6-shogaol
, appear to be the main
antioxidants
– Antithrombotic
Primarily
8-gingerol
and
8-paradol
, may be the major active principles that inhibit
platelet activation
– Hypolipidaemic
The precise mechanism of action and the active constituents are not known
– Hypoglycaemic
This effect may partially be mediated through
6-gingerol
and
6-shogaol
– Cardiovascular
There is presently not sufficient scientific evidence to suggest a cardiotonic or
hypotensive effect
– Antineoplastic
The exact mechanisms of action are not known (
6-gingerol
?)
– Anti-infectious
The mechanism of action has not been examined sufficiently
– Thermogenic
There is presently not sufficient scientific evidence to suggest a thermogenic
effect (
6-gingerol
?)
– Analgesic
There is presently not sufficient scientific evidence to suggest an analgesic effect
(
6-shogaol
and
6-gingerol
?)
Pharmacology of Ginger Constituents
•
Gingerols
inhibit proliferation of breast cancer cell line
10-gingerol > 8-gingerol > 6-gingerol
(50-fold)
•
6 Shogaol
increased TRAIL induced apoptosis in renal carcinoma cells an effect
-
-
,
not observed with
6-gingerol
•
Zerumbone
acts as anti-cancer in non-small cell lung, ovarian and cervical
lymphoblastic leukemia and glioma.
• New
zerumbone
derivatives are being developed and examined as anti-cancer
agents, e.g.,
azazerumbone
.