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BCLME Mariculture
The total annual BCLME mariculture harvest for all three
countries is 4,926 tons
90
with, based on ex-farm prices, an
estimated DOI of US$ 14.8 million (see appendix A). BCLME
mariculture employs an estimated 9,909 people (year not
given).
91
South Africa’s annual 3,806 ton harvest is over six
times that of either Angola or Namibia and therefore has a
much larger economic impact,
92
maintaining an estimated
US$ 11.4 million DOI – almost seven times that of either
Angola or Namibia’s $1.7 million DOI (Figure 7). In South
Africa, mariculture employs 7,108 people; compared with
1,161 for Angola or 1,640 for Namibia (Figure 8).
93
BCLME Recreational Fisheries
Sumaila (2015) considers recreational fishing,
94
whale
watching and diving to be marine recreational activities
(MRAs). These ecosystem services directly rely on BCLME
marine life populations.
95
For the three BCLME countries,
total expenditure by MRA participants is estimated at US$
70.4 million (2003). This figure serves as a proxy for the DOI
(the product of price and quantity) (see appendix A).
96
As with mariculture, South Africa receives the largest benefit
from the recreational fisheries sector.
97
While the number of
annual MRA participants (2003) for Angola and Namibia are
estimated at 30,000 and 20,000 respectively, South Africa has an
estimated total of 398,000 participants, producing a DOI of US$
52.9million—almost six times that of Angola or Namibia (Figure
9). The number of jobs generated in relation to the number of
participants is relatively high in Angola (316 jobs) and Namibia
(281 jobs) compared with South Africa (667 jobs) (Figure 10).
Use of Multipliers
Sumaila (2015) extends the BCLME analysis by estimating
the “multiplier effects” associated with ocean ecosystem
Namibia
$1.7
Angola
$1.7
South
Africa
$11.4
Namibia
1,640
Angola
1,161
South
Africa
7,108
Namibia
$8.6
Angola
$8.9
South
Africa
$52.9
Namibia
281
N
1
Angola
316
South
Africa
667
ca
7
Figure 7:
Direct Output Impact from BCLME Mariculture in
US$ millions.
Source: Sumaila (2015).
Figure 9:
Direct Output Impact from BCLME Recreational
Fisheries in US$ millions (2003).
Source: Sumaila (2015).
Figure 10:
Number of People Employed in BCLME
Recreational Fisheries (2003).
Source: Sumaila (2015).
Figure 8:
Number of People Employed in BCLME
Mariculture.
Source: Sumaila (2015).