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P ¼ .033; Dose × Visit, P ¼ .050), no significant rela-
tionships were detected at the individual follow-up
visits (dose, all P . .10). On verbal learning, there was
no significant effect of dose to the left or right hippocam-
pus (P . .24), temporal lobes (P . .6), or SVZ
(P ¼ .10).
Visual perception.— The main analysis of the visual per-
ception test indicated an overall tendency for decreased
scores with increasing dose to the left temporal lobe
(dose, P ¼ .038; AgeRT × Dose, P ¼ .041). No significant
findings were detected at follow-up visits (dose, all
P . .14). There was no significant relationship between
performance on visual perception and mean dose to the
cerebrum (P ¼ .062), SVZ (P . .08), right temporal lobe
(P ¼ .067), and left and right hippocampi (P . .07).
There was no difference in performance on this test
between left- and right-handed individuals (P ¼ .52 at
6 mo, P ¼ .89 at 15 mo, and P ¼ .49 at 27 mo).
Vocabulary (Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test).—
Analyses of vocabulary indicated slight differences in
the relationship between the test scores and radiation
dose to the right temporal lobe (dose, P ¼ .23; Dose ×
Visit, P ¼ .024) and left temporal lobe (dose, P ¼ .30;
Dose × Visit, P ¼ .058) among visits. The significance
of the interaction term Dose × Visit was likely due to a
weak relationship between the test scores and radiation
doses at visits 3 and 4 (P ¼ .15 and .18, respectively).
There was no association between radiation dose to
Fig. 3. Performance of patients vs controls at all time points on the Purdue Pegboard 2-Hand (2A), WJ-III Memory for Words (2B), Bead
Memory (2C), and visual perception tests (2D). The data represent mean raw scores and SDs. Asterisk (*) indicates significant group
differences detected in post-hoc analyses.
Fig. 4. Performance on Purdue Pegboard 2-Hand test (Z-scores) at 6 mo following completion of RT relative to (A) mean left hippocampal
radiation dose, P ¼ .049, and (B) mean right hippocampal radiation dose, P ¼ .032. Standardized scores were used in this analysis to account
for the impact of age on test performance.
Redmond et al.: Radiation to neural progenitor niches and neurocognitive outcomes
NEURO-ONCOLOGY † M A R C H 2 0 1 3 365
at Universitaet Leipzig, Institut fuer Informatik/URZ, Bibliothek on August 25, 2014
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