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Safety and environmental standards for fuel storage sites
Final report
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Annex 1 Process safety performance indicators: Example workbook for a fuel
storage terminal with pipeline and jetty filling
(Previously published as Appendix 5 of the BSTG report)
308 This is a worked example of process safety performance indicators developed using
Developing process safety performance indicators: A step-by-step guide
HSG254. The steps
follow the key steps in HSG254.
Description of the site and activities
309 This example is based on a typical operational terminal with both pipeline and jetty filling. The
site boundary at the point of jetty operations was selected – ship and marine activities were out of
scope.
310 Fuel products are delivered to site from ships or via cross-country pipeline and loaded into
bulk tanks. Product from bulk tanks are loaded onto road tanker for dispatch.
Overview of Steps 2–4
311 The main stages in selecting process safety indicators are:
Step 2.2: Identify the scope:
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identify the hazard scenarios which can lead to a major incident;
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identify the immediate causes of hazard scenarios.
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Step 3: Identify the risk control systems and describe the outcome for each – set a lagging
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indicator:
identify the risk control systems (RCS) in place to prevent or mitigate the effects of the
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incidents identified;
identify the underlying causes;
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identify outcomes of each RCS;
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set a lagging indicator for each RCS.
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Step 4: Identify critical elements of each RCS and set a leading indicator:
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identify the most critical elements of the risk control system and set leading indicators for
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each element;
set a tolerance for each leading indicator;
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select the most relevant indicators for the site or activities under consideration.
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Step 2.2: Identify the scope
Step 2.2.1: Identify the hazard scenarios which can lead to a major incident
312 Describing the main incident scenarios helps to maintain a focus on the most important
activities and controls against which indicators should be set. The scenarios form a useful cross-
check later on in Step 4 when the critical elements of risk control systems to be measured are
determined.
313 For this site the main process safety incident scenarios are loss of containment (LOC) of
flammable liquid or liquid fuel dangerous to the environment, particularly to the estuary. These
events may lead to:
a pool fire, vapour cloud ignition, or for gasoline a vapour cloud explosion;
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a major accident to the environment.
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Step 2.2.2: Identify the immediate causes of hazard scenarios
314 The immediate cause is the final failure mechanism that gives rise to a loss of containment.
These usually can be considered as the factors which challenge the integrity of plant or
equipment.