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Safety and environmental standards for fuel storage sites
Final report
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Table 9
Tolerability of environmental risk
Category
Acceptable if
frequency less than
Acceptable if reduced
as reasonably practical
and frequency between
Unacceptable if
frequency above
6 Catastrophic 10
-6
per year
10
-4
to 10
-6
per year
10
-4
per year
5 Major
10
-6
per year
10
-4
to 10
-6
per year
10
-4
per year
4 Severe
10
-6
per year
10
-2
to 10
-6
per year
10
-2
per year
3 Significant
10
-4
per year
10
-1
to 10
-4
per year
10
-1
per year
2 Noticeable
10
-2
per year
~ 10
+1
to 10
-2
per year
~10
+1
per year
1 Minor
All shown as acceptable
–
–
53 For the purposes of this guidance, the categories from Table 9 have been aligned to COMAH
terminology as follows:
‘Acceptable if frequency less than’ equates’ to the ‘Broadly acceptable region’;
■
■
‘Acceptable if reduced as low as is reasonably practicable and frequency between’ equates to
■
■
the ‘Tolerable if ALARP region’;
‘Unacceptable if frequency above’ equates to the ‘Intolerable region’.
■
■
Table 10
Risk matrix for environmental risk
Category
Definitions
6
Catastrophic
Major airborne release with serious off-site effects
––
Site shutdown
––
Serious contamination of groundwater or watercourse with extensive
––
loss of aquatic life
5
Major
Evacuation of local populace
––
Temporary disabling and hospitalisation
––
Serious toxic effect on beneficial or protected species
––
Widespread but not persistent damage to land
––
Significant fish kill over 5 mile range
––
4
Severe
Hospital treatment required
––
Public warning and off-site emergency plan invoked
––
Hazardous substance releases into water course with ½ mile effect
––
3
Significant
Severe and sustained nuisance, eg strong offensive odours or noise
––
disturbance
Major breach of permitted emissions limits with possibility of prosecution
––
Numerous public complaints
––
2
Noticeable
Noticeable nuisance off site, eg discernible odours
––
Minor breach of permitted emission limits, but no environmental harm
––
One or two complaints from the public
––
1
Minor
Nuisance on site only (no off-site effects)
––
No outside complaint
––
Source
From information in IPPC document
Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) and
Environmental Assessment and Appraisal of BAT
Initiating events
54 The next stage of the LOPA is to identify all the significant initiating events that can cause
the defined safety or environmental consequence and to estimate the frequency (likelihood) of
their occurrence. An initiating event can be considered as a minimum combination of failures and