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• Develop guidelines for implementation of selected

innovations and best practices, at all levels of

governance; and

• Build capacity and mobilize resources for the

implementation of innovations and best practices;

and monitor implementation progress.

Global and regional coordinated

programmes to detect and monitor

climate change in mountain ecosystems

Mountains are known to be early detectors of climate

change. It is, therefore, important to develop and

implement well-targeted research to detect climate

change and how this relates to mountain ecosystems

and development – including trends in climate

change and ecosystem responses. Results of ongoing

research and monitoring programmes are vital, not

only for the East African mountainous region, but

also on a global scale.

Interventions may seek to develop climate and

ecosystem research for East Africa’s mountains as

an early indicator of climate change through the

following actions:

• Develop research ideas and identify key actors,

including research institutions at the national,

transnational and global levels; and

• Identify priority areas for research and develop

research protocols.

Other intervention areas will involve operationalizing

platforms for sharing research results at both regional

and global levels through:

• Publicizing planned research programmes

and raising awareness of the importance of the

research and the need to participate;

• Mobilizing resources and setting up research

teams according to priority areas and available

resources;

• Developing mechanisms for research and

information sharing between teams and the public

at large; and

• Continuously monitoring research progress

and feeding results into regional and global

information networks for the prediction of climate

change in mountain regions.

Determination, evaluation and

management of highland-lowland

interactions and continuous monitoring

of resource flows in order to avoid

mountain resource depletion, and to

realize increased financial benefits for

mountain communities

As a result of population growth and economic

pressures, movement of both people and resources

has increased. This includes both the movement of

people from the lowlands into mountain areas in

search of economic opportunities; and the flow of

people and resources from the mountain areas to

the lowlands to exchange products and services with

lowland communities and to take advantage of more

developed infrastructure and services. The dynamics

of highland-lowland interactions, therefore, have

important implications for mountain communities

and resources.

Understanding and continuously monitoring

resource flows to and from mountain areas is crucial,

particularly for ensuring that mountain resources

are used sustainably. It is also important for a fairer

distribution of earnings from natural resource

exploitation and more equitable service provision

in both mountains and lowlands. There is a need to

establish a benefit sharing mechanism.

Proposed interventions will seek to assess the nature

and magnitude of highland-lowland resource flows

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania