6 / 12
ADAPTATION SOLUTIONS BRIEF No.1
6
WOMEN
In the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH), rural women manage
natural resources and deal directly with the impacts and risks
associated with climate change. With more men migrating
from rural areas, women’s roles as risk and resource
managers need to be supported and strengthened.
AS RISK &
RESOURCE MANAGERS
TEMPERATURES
HAVE INCREASED
SIGNIFICANTLY FASTER
IN THE HKH THAN THE
GLOBAL AVERAGE
1.
Projected increase in average temperature by 2050
Global
HKH
of households have
at least one member
who has migrated
for work, of which
most are men
33%
POSITIVE
EFFECTS
NEGATIVE
EFFECTS
Social and
financial remittances
Livelihood
diversification
Intensified workloads
for women
Labour shortages in
mountain communities
$
MEN ARE MIGRATING IN
SEARCH OF EMPLOYMENT,
LEAVING WOMEN WITH
GREATER RESPONSIBILITIES
AND LARGER WORKLOADS
2
1–2°C
1-4°C
4.
Women have limited:
Income opportunities
Control and ownership of resources
Participation in education and training
Decision-making power within the
household and community
Social mobility because of gendered
cultural norms
$
SOCIOECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS LIMIT
WOMEN'S ABILITY TO MITIGATE CLIMATE
CHANGE RISKS AND MANAGE RESOURCES
HICAP PVA data
8
11%
8%
0.06
of women have exclusive
land ownership
hectares is women’s
average landholding
of households are headed
by women
54%
76%
Average adult literacy in
India, Nepal, and Pakistan:
Despite women's increasing
role in management of risks
and resources, only:
World Bank Data
9
5.
I t i
s i
l
(
), r r l
t r l r s rc s
l ir ctl it t i
cts
ris s
ss ci t it cli
t c
. it
r
i r ti
from rural areas, women’s roles as risk and resource
rs
t s
rt
str t
.
I
HAVE INCREASED
I
I I
TER
I
1.
r j t i r
i
r t
r t r
l
l
of househol s
t least one member
s i r t
for work, of which
st r
33%
POSITIVE
NEGATIVE
EFFECTS
ci l
fi
ci l r itt c s
i li
i rsific ti
I t sifi r l
s
f r
r s rt
s i
mou t i c
iti s
I
I
I
,
I
I
I I I I
DS
2
.
li it :
Income opportunities
tr l
nership of resources
rtici ti i
c ti
tr i i
cisi - i
r it i t
household and community
Social mobility because of gendered
cult r l r s
$
I
I
I
I I
WOMEN'S ABILITY TO MITIGATE CLIMATE
I
I
ata
8
0.06
of women have exclusive
l
rs i
hectares is
’s
r l
l i
f
s l s r
lt lit
i
I i ,
l,
i t :
it
' i
asing
role in ma
t f i
r
, l :
World Bank Data
9
.