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APPENDIX
For current information see: 1193
Appendix
Glossary
A
Absorption
Cause for attenuation of a fibre optic cable.
ACR
Abbreviation for Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio. The ACR value indi-
cates the relationship between the near-end crosstalk and the attenu-
ation at a certain frequency.
Address bus
System of associated cables, to which address bits can be transferred.
Adhesion
Adhesive, cohesive and density property of the outer sheath of a cable.
“Low adhesion” property important e. g. for drag chain use in order to
avoid the cables from sticking to each other.
Aging
The change in the properties (predominantly tensile strength and
expansion) of a material over time under specific conditions such as
temperature, UV radiation, ozone influence, chemical and thermal
loads, etc.
Aging resistance
As cables are often subject to environmental influences over decades
(life cycle), i. e. chemical, electrical and climatic exposure, it is these
properties that are to be tested. Here, all the materials found in cables
are briefly tested under extreme conditions. All materials should have
a very high aging resistance.
Alternating current
The alternating current is produced by linking three alternating cur-
rents with identical oscillation values and frequencies. Also known as
multi-phase alternating current.
Aluminium sheath
The aluminium sheath is lighter than the lead sheath, has better con-
ductivity and greater resistance, however must include a plastic sheath
to protect against corrosion.
American wire gauge
Cables or cores according to American cross-sections/dimensions.
High AWG number → small cross-section, low AWG number → large
cross-section (see Table T16).
Ampacity
Maximum permitted current that can be transmitted under defined
conditions. VDE0298, Part 4.
Ampere
The strength of an electric current that flows through a conductor. Unit
of measurement for the electric current (A).
Analog signal transmission
Transmission of continuously variable signals with which the light out-
put is modulated.
Angle of beam spread
Half the vertical angle of the cone within which the injected power
in a light waveguide with uniform illumination is equal to a specified
fraction of the total injected power.
ANSI
Abbreviation for the American National Standards Institute. An
American committee which, similar to the German DIN, develops
and publishes standards.
Antenna cable
Antenna cables are coaxial high-frequency cables for receiver connec-
tions, domestic distribution grids and single antenna installations. They
are mainly used in receiving and distribution stations for sound and
television broadcasting. They must guarantee a low-reflection signal
transmission.
Anti-kink cable glands
Mechanism that is part of a cable gland and provides additional
protection if a flexible cable is frequently subjected to bending (e. g.
SKINDICHT® SR-SV-M at Lapp).
Antioxidant, Oxidation inhibitor
As antioxidants may colour rubber compounds, they are generally only
ever used for dark compounds. They prevent the compounds from
becoming brittle too early.
Approved cables
Approved control and data network cables with certification, standards
such as VDE, UL/CSA.
Armouring
Also known as reinforcement. Armouring is a mechanical protection for
cables. It is produced in a variety of ways and using a wide range of
materials, depending on the expected loads on the cable. It can be
made of steel wire braiding, circular or flat steel wires, strip iron or
combinations of these materials.
Armouring types
Commonly used are the flat steel wire, steel band, profile steel wire
and round steel wire armouring with outer protective cover. There are
also steel wire armourings with an anti-twist tape (steel band), however
without an outer protective cover (for interior spaces).
Armouring, armour
A special electromechanical or mechanical protection against external
stresses, for the improvement of the reduction factor and for the
absorption of tensile forces. Plastic fibres are used instead of metallic
armouring for fibre optic cables.
Glossary
Simply and quickly find the most important terms relating to
electrical engineering.