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DISTILLATION.
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"O
boiler through the tube into the xcorm (3), and in passin^
through the worm, becofhe condensed by the cold. The
I'efrigerator, or worm-tub (4), must be kept full, by a con
stant stream ofcold water,or else the water at the bottom
Avill be cold, while that of the surface will be very hot.
The cold water is supplied at 6, and escapes at 6.
With respect to thejjractical jiart of distilling, we sh.all
observe that the heat should, in all cases, be as gentle and
uniform as jiossihle. Accidents may be effectually pre
vented by distilling spirits in a water bath, which, if suf
ficiently large, Avill jierform the o2ieration with all the dis
patch requisite for the most extensh'e business. The
vessel in which the distillation is effected ought to be im
mersed m another filled Avith Avater up to the neck. The
process will thus b^ managed as expeditiously as if the
A'essel were placed over an ojAen fire, and Avithout the ap
prehension of being disapjiointed by having your sjjirits
burned; nor will it be necessary at any time to raise the
Avater in the bath to a boiling heat. By looking at the en
graving ofthe still, you will see Avhat we mean. The inner
boiler or concurhit, marked (2), is the vessel in Avhich the
liquids to be distilled are put, and the outer boiler,or bath
(A) is the vessel that shoAild,be filled Avith water. This is
sometimes called a Bain Marie.
The cover ofthe inner boiler must be well luted,that is,
closed completely, to prevent evaporation. Take a lute,
made ofequal jArojAortions offiour, whitening and salt, mix
ed together with the blade of a knife, and. diluted Avith
water; spread this on a jAiece of rag, and close all the
crevices.
The object of distillation is to separate one substance
from others with which it may be mixed. For example,
in recipe No. 1,for making aqua deparadise,ov paradise
water, 1 pints of alcohol, 95 per cent., and 20 pints of
5