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“….as expected, the deviations within unit-
density volumes are small while deviations
in low-density volumes increase with
increasing beam energy from
approximately 3% for 4 MV to 14% for 18 MV
x-rays as a result of increased electron
disequilibrium.”
“This illustrate that the pencil-beammodel
does not handle changes in scatter from
lateral heterogeneities”.
Kn
öö
s et al. Phys Med
Biol. 40:1411-20, 1995.
Analytical methods, photon beam calculation