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AAA

Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm

( )

( ) ( )

rdkdk rdk

r

d

,

,

=

1. Obtain

depth

component

k

d

(

d

) by lateral

integration at

each depth

2. Apply lateral

component

using sum of

exponentials

( )

r

i

i

i

r

i

e c

rdk

µ

µ

=

=

6

1

1

,

A. Van Esch et al. Testing of the analytical anisotropic algorithm for photon

dose calculation. Med. Phys. 33:4130-4148 (2006)

Improvement of the pencil beam concept to reduce errors in

heterogeneous media