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many (known and unknown) reasons
why people get a cancer.
most second tumors are
not
induced by RT
Boice 1985
: 68.730 irradiated cervical cancer patients with > 1 year
follow-up, 3.324 (4.8%) second cancers, 162 (
4.9 %
) could be
attributed to RT
(162 = 0.24% of total number).
detect small number of RT-induced tumors on top of large
unknown baseline of non RT-induced tumors
32
Clinical data
Latency in appearance of radiation-induced tumors
Challenge in epidemiological studies