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x2

x1

P(x)dx

P(x1 <err< x2) =

P(-2SD <err< 2SD) = 0.95

P(|err

|

> 5 mm) = 5%

P(-3SD <err< 3SD) = 0.997

P(|err| > 7.5 mm) = 0.3%

err

Introduction

– Gaussian probability distributions with SD = Σ or σ