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strategy [11]. The BSC uses all these perspectives by considering both internal and external
aspects (see Figure 2.4) [12]. Every perspective should contain four different sections:
1. Objectives.
2. Measures.
3. Targets.
4. Initiatives.
For employees to be able to act upon the organisation’s vision, translating the
strategy and mission of the company into objectives is the first step in the creation of
each perspective.
Figure 2.4 The balanced scorecard model [8]
The authors developed the hierarchical SSCSMBSCmodel, which contain two BSC levels:
1. Sustainability dimensions level (see Figure 2.5) – this level of the model
provides a comprehensive overview of balancing the individual dimensions
of implemented SSCS: economic, environmental, and social.
2. BSC perspectives level – this level of the model provides a comprehensive
overview of balancing the individual BSC perspectives in each sustainability
dimension. An example of the environmental BSC model is shown in
Figure 2.6.
Apart from four standard sections, the sustainability dimensions and BSC perspectives
contains also two new parameters:
1. Thresholds, which represent minimum accepted values of the measures.
2. Realities, which describe real values of the measures.
These sections are valuable for SSCS control. Specific sustainable and BSC objectives,
measures, thresholds, targets, and initiatives should be determined for selected alternative
SSCSs.