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Zdanski CJ, Austin GK, Walsh JM, et al. Transoral robotic surgery for upper airway
pathology in the pediatric population.
Laryngoscope
. 2017; 127(1):247-251. EBM
level 4..................................................................................................................................19-23
Summary
: This article presents a retrospective review of children undergoing transoral
robotic surgery for upper airway pathology. Although the review is limited to 16 patients, the
authors expand on prior publications by demonstrating a broader experience and provide
useful clinical pearls that the reader may find useful as indications and capabilities expand.
II.
Craniofacial Abnormalities and Trauma
Coon D, Kosztowski M, Mahoney NR, et al. Principles for management of orbital fractures
in the pediatric population: a cohort study of 150 patients.
Plast Reconstr Surg
. 2016;
137(4):1234-1240. EBM level 3........................................................................................24-30
Summary
: This is a retrospective analysis of 150 pediatric trauma patients evaluated in a
tertiary care facility. The majority of these patients underwent acute surgical repair of orbital
injury, although some underwent delayed repair. Complications were noted in 4.7% of
patients, and two patients had poor vision at their last follow-up visit. The authors describe
four potential indications for surgical repair of pediatric orbital fractures: rectus muscle
entrapment, early enophthalmos, central-gaze diplopia or extra-ocular muscle entrapment
after resolution of swelling, and loss of orbital support.
Flores RL, Greathouse ST, Costa M, et al. Defining failure and its predictors in mandibular
distraction for Robin sequence.
J Craniomaxillofac Surg
. 2015; 43(8):1614-1619. EBM
level 4..................................................................................................................................31-36
Summary
: This is a retrospective review of patients with Pierre Robin sequence who were
assessed for the need for mandibular distraction after birth. The authors defined failed
outcome after distraction as tracheostomy, persistent obstructive sleep apnea, and death.
They used bivariate and regression analysis to identify variables associated with failure using
a scoring system. Analysis of 81 patients over a 10-year period of time identified that age,
neurologic anomaly, airway anomaly, GERD, intact palate, and preoperative intubation were
associated with outcome failure.
Hoppe IC, Kordahi AM, Paik AM, et al. Examination of life-threatening injuries in 431
pediatric facial fractures at a level 1 trauma center.
J Craniofac Surg
. 2014; 25(5):1825-
1828. EBM level 3.............................................................................................................37-40
Summary
: This is a 12-year retrospective review of all pediatric facial traumatic injuries at a
level 1 trauma center. The authors reviewed patient age, mechanism of injury, and related
fractures that occurred. The correlation of pediatric facial fracture with intracranial
hemorrhage (ICH) and cervical spine fracture were notable. There was a clear delineation in
Glasgow Coma Scale scores in patients with and without ICH and cervical fracture.