Contributing factors
Therapy’s related
RT:
Dose/volume, technique
Concomitant CT
(5FU, capecitabine)
Surgery
Patient’s related
Age, Sex (F>M)
Stone HB et al. The Lancet Oncology 2003
Previous surgery
Comorbidities
(diabetes, hypertension, vascular disease…)
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Genetic susceptibility
Behaviour: smoking
Tumor’s related
Tissue distortion, Proteolitic enzymes, Cytokins
TOXICITY