2015 Anatomical Chart Company Catalog

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ANATOMICAL CHART COMPANY 49
G. H. I.
J.
G. Basic Heart Model
G8 .................................................................................
• Three-quarter life-size. Depicts atrium cordis,
ventricles of the heart and cardiac valves.
Dissects into 2 parts. Removable from stand.
• 3B Scientific GmbH, size: 3”x 5”x 2-1/2”
(7.6cm z 12.7cm x 6.4cm)
H. Cutaway Heart Model
G250..............................................................................
• Vividly painted, life-size. Divides in half to show
inner chambers and valves. Mounted on plastic base.
Removable study cards and base included.
• Size: 3-1/2”x 4”x 6” (8.9cm x 10.2cm x 15.2cm)
I. Budget Jumbo Heart Model
CH3................................................................................
• 4-times life-size jumbo heart model, excellent for
patient education or elementary science classes.
Dissects into 3 parts showing anterior, posterior
and interior views along with valve details.
Mounted on a stand.
• Size: 8”x 8”x 11-3/4” (20.3cm x 20.3cm x 29.8cm)
J. Budget Life-Size Heart Model
CH7................................................................................
• Great for learning basic internal and external
anatomy of the heart. Dissects into 2 parts.
• Size: 3-1/4”x 3-1/4”x 6” (8.3cm x 8.3cm x 15.2cm)
K. Two-Part Heart Model
HS3................................................................................
• Three-quarter life-size. 2 parts, anterior part of the
ventricles and auricles can be removed to show
semilunar and tricuspid valves. Mounted on
green® base.
• Somso® Modelle, size: 8-1/2”x 5”x 4-3/4”
(21.6cm x 12.7cm x 12cm)
L. Understanding High Blood Pressure Chart:
978-1-4697-7289-6........................................................
K.
• Anatomical Chart Collections
(pages 27-30)
• Anatomical Charts & Posters
(pages 4-26)
• Gifts (page 75)
• Health Education Resources
(pages 39-40)
• Reference Materials & Study Aids
(pages 31-34)
• Skeletal Models (pages 58-74)
Be sure to see ...
Anatomical Models
What isHighBlood Pressure?
When the heart beats, it pumps blood out to all parts of the body thru the arteries creating force or pressure against thewalls of the
arteries.Likeair ina tire,bloodfillsarteries toacertaincapacity.But justas toomuchairpressurecandamagea tire,highbloodpressure
candamagehealthyarteries.Whenbloodpressure ishigh theheartmustworkharder topump the sameamountofblood through the
arteries.Bloodpressure rises and fallsduring theday, butwhen bloodpressure stayshigh over time, it is calledhigh bloodpressure
(HBP)orhypertension.Thewear and tear causedbyuntreatedhighbloodpressure can causedamage to theheart,kidneys and eyes,
and increases the risk forheart attack, stroke,kidney failure, coronary arterydisease, andother serioushealthproblems.
How isBlood PressureMeasured?
Bloodpressure ismeasuredwith a simple testusingabloodpressure cuff.The cuff iswrapped around
yourupper armand inflated enough to stop thebloodflow inyour artery for a few seconds.When the cuff
is releasedordeflated, thefirst soundheardbyyourhealth careprovider through the stethoscope is the
whooshing soundofyourheartpushingblood intoyour arteries.This is called the“systolic”bloodpressure.
The“diastolic”bloodpressure iswhen thisnoisedisappears, indicating theheart is relaxed.
The systolicbloodpressurenumber is always statedfirst followedby thediastolicnumber.
For example,yourbloodpressuremaybe read as “117over 76”,orwritten “117/76”.
Two numbers are used to describe blood pressure:
Diastolic (bottom number) The second number is lower than the
systolic pressure and measures blood pressure when the heart relaxes between
beats.This is called “diastolic bloodpressure.”Anormal healthy number is around 76.
Your blood pressure normally changes throughout the day. It rises when you are
active, and lowerswhenyou are resting.
117
76 mmHg
Systolic (top number) The top number called “systolic blood pressure”
measures bloodpressurewhen the heartpumps blood forward through the arteries to
the restofyourbody.This force createspressureon thearteries.Bloodpressure ishighest
when theheartbeats,pumping theblood.Anormalhealthynumber isaround117.
mmHg is ameasurementofpressure
Types and Causes ofHighBlood Pressure (Hypertension)
Primary or essential hypertensionis themost common type of high blood pressure. Inmost cases the exact causes are
unknown;however thereare several factors that increaseor contribute toyour chancesofdevelopinghighbloodpressure:
•Obesityorbeingoverweight
•Lackofphysical activity
•Poordiet, especiallyone that includes toomuch salt and too littlepotassium
•Genetics and familymedicalhistory
•Age andgender
•High levelsof alcohol consumption
•Ethnicbackground
•Stress
•Smoking and secondhand smoke
Secondaryhypertensionmay result from aknown cause suchas:
•Chronickidneydisease
•Adrenal and thyroidproblemsor tumors
•Diabetes
•Pregnancy
•Someneurologicdisorders
Signs and Symptoms ofHighBlood Pressure
Most of the time, high bloodpressuredoes not cause any symptoms. It is oftendiagnosedwhen apatient visits theirphysician for a
routine check-up.Many people do not realize they have high blood pressure until it has causeddamage to their body. In rare cases,
headaches can result from extremelyhighbloodpressure.
Complications ofHighBlood Pressure Understanding
High Blood Pressure
BRAIN
Stroke–Bloodvessels in thebrain thataredamaged,weakened
andnarrowedbyhighbloodpressuremaybulgeout (aneurysm)
andburst causingblood to seep into thebrain tissue (hemorrhage).
Orblood clotsmay form in the arteries leading to thebrain,
blockingbloodflow.
Transient IschemicAttack–TIA (ministroke) is abrief,
temporarydisruptionofblood supply to thebrain. It’soften
causedby atherosclerosisor ablood clot—bothofwhich
canbe a resultofhighbloodpressure.
EYES
Thickened,narrowedor tornbloodvessels in the eyesmay result
invision loss.
Damagedbloodvessels
in the retinaof the eye
Thickened arterywallsArteriosclerosis Plaquebuilduponwallsof arteryAtherosclerosis
Thickenedheartmuscle
LeftVentricularHypertrophy Blocked coronaryarteriesAngina
Blood clot
Hemorrhage
Aneurysm
BLOODVESSELS
Highbloodpressure candamage the innerwallsof arteries causing them to thicken
andharden, a condition calledarteriosclerosis.Cholesterol andother substances
(plaque) in theblood can collecton thedamagedwallsof the arteries; a condition
calledatherosclerosis; andmayblockbloodflow causingproblems suchas chest
pain (angina),heart attack,heart failure,kidney failure, stroke,blocked arteries
inyour legsorarms (peripheral arterialdisease), eyedamage, and aneurysms.
HighBlood Pressure in Children
Teens, children and evenbabies canhavehighbloodpressure.Althoughhigh
bloodpressure is farmore common among adults, the rate amongkids ison the
rise, a trend that experts link to the increase in childhoodobesity.Early
diagnosisand treatment can reduceorprevent theharmful complications
ofhighbloodpressure.TheAmericanHeartAssociation recommends
thatall childrenhave theirbloodpressuremeasuredyearly.Children
have the same test forhighbloodpressure asadults;however,
interpreting thenumbers ismoredifficult.Your child’s
physicianwilluse chartsbasedonyour child’sgender,
height, age andbloodpressurenumbers todetermine
whetherornotyour childhashighbloodpressure.
KIDNEYS
Highbloodpressure isoneof themost common causesof
kidney failure. It candamageboth the large arteries leading
to thekidneys and the tinybloodvesselswithin thekidneys.
Damage to eitherprevents thekidneys from effectivelyfilteringwaste
from theblood,allowingdangerous levelsoffluidandwaste toaccumulate.
Glomerulus –filters
waste fromblood
Bloodvessel
damagedby
Arteriosclerosis
HighBloodpressure that isnot controlled can cause long-termdamage toyourblood
vessels,brain,heart,kidneys, and eyes.Learning aboutyourbloodpressure canhelp
reduceyour riskofhaving a strokeorheart attack. Askyourhealth careprovider to
checkyourbloodpressure today.
ANEURYSM
Over time, the constantpressureofbloodmoving throughaweakenedartery
cancauseasectionof itswall toenlargeand formabulge (aneurysm).Ananeurysm
canburst and cause internalbleeding.Aneurysms can form in any artery in
thebody,but they’remost common in the aorta, thebody’s largest artery.
Aortic aneurysm Burst aneurysm
HEART
CoronaryArteryDisease (CAD)–Affects the arteries that supplyblood to
theheart.Thickenedandnarrowed coronary arteriespreventblood from
flowing freely to theheart, causing chestpain (angina),heart attackor irregular
heart rhythms (arrhythmias).
LeftVentricularHypertrophy (LVH)–Highbloodpressure forces theheart to
workharder topumpblood to the restof thebody.This causes theheart’s leftpumping
chamber (the leftventricle) to thickenor stiffen limiting theventricle’sability topump
blood, increasing the riskofheart attack,heart failure and sudden cardiacdeath.
Heart failure–Over time, the strainon theheart fromhighbloodpressure
can cause theheart toweaken andwork less efficiently, eventually
failing tomeet thebody’sdemand forblood.
PublishedbyAnatomicalChartCompany |Developed in consultationwithDr.DouglasS.Moodie. ©2014
Highbloodpressure canbepreventedandmanagedbestby adjustingyour lifestyle.Decreaseyourbloodpressureby:
•Reducebodyweight ifoverweight
•Maintain ahealthyweight
•Eathealthy foods
•Decrease salt inyourdiet
•Decrease fat inyourdiet
• Increasefiber inyourdiet
•Donot smoke
•Avoid excessive alcohol intake
•Exercise regularly
•Manage stress
•Followyourphysician’s instructionsand
take anymedications asprescribed
Prevention andManagement
*Yourdoctor should evaluateunusually low bloodpressure readings.
or
Diastolic
mmHg (lower #)
Hypertensive Crisis
(Emergency care needed) Higher than 180 Higher than110
90 –99
100orhigher or
or
Healthy andUnhealthyBlood Pressure Levels
Blood Pressure
Category
Systolic
mmHg (upper#)
80 – 89 or 120 – 139 Prehypertension
HighBloodPressure
(Hypertension) Stage1
HighBlood Pressure
(Hypertension)Stage 2
less than 80 and less than 120 Normal
140 – 159
160orhigher
L.
y 38 Nutrition Resources 39 Health Education 41 Training Aids 42 Anatomical 58 Skeletal 75 Gifts 76 Index
Resources & Simulators Models Models