430-431 / 620
Table 2
Nominal
T
stat
p
-value
1.87
0.1
1.87
0.1
1.96
0.0
1.99
0.0
2.00
0.0
1.92
0.1
1.93
0.0
1.93
0.0
1.86
0.1
Mean
1.93
0.1
SD
0.1
0.1
T
stat
=
where: = mean of the differences between measured results and reference value
sd = standard deviation of the differences between results and reference value
n
= number of replicate analyses of SRM
H
0
: = 0, The null hypothesis is that there is no difference between the measured results and the certified value:
p
-value: is the probability (at the 95% levels of confidence) of obtaining the test statistic assuming that the null hypothesis is true.
p
-value < 0.05 indicate a difference of statistical signifance between measured results and SRM.
95% confidence interval: The true population of the measured value expected to fall within the confidence interval estimate 95% of the time.
lower limit = mean -
upper limit = mean +
where: = critical values of the t-distribution
sd = standard deviation of the differences between results an reference value
n
= number of replicate analyses of SRM
1.9 - 2.0
Bias
Confidence interval
-0.1
3.040
0.016
SRM 1849a
Cu (mg/100g)
1.978
0.026
1.952 - 2.004
Accuracy - Analytical bias compared to reference material
Certified Reference Material
Measured Results
CRM product
Analyte
Certified value Uncertainty Certified range Concentration
Difference from
certified value
n
/
sd
d
d
d
n
t
crit
sd
n
t
crit
sd
crit
t
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