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UPM Annual Report 2014
UPM Annual Report 2014
55
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CONTENTS
RESPONSIBILITY 45–59
UPM’s material balance sums up the
total material, energy and emission
flows to and from UPM worldwide. In
2010, UPM set long-term environmen-
tal targets for 2020, and defined
indicators to measure performance
in key areas.
In 2012, UPM revised the targets and
tightened when reasonable. UPM aims
to continuously reduce environmental
impacts over the entire lifecycle of its
products and the company bases its
annual performance evaluation on
these indicators.
In 2014, improvements are visible in
the reduction of effluent volume and
effluent load (COD and BOD), air
emissions (NOx and SO
2
) as well as
of solid waste to landfills. These are
resulting from both special projects
and continuous improvement efforts.
Other environmental parameters like
fossil CO
2
and AOX remained on a
rather stable level compared to the
previous year.
Energy
The majority of electrical and thermal
energy is used for paper and pulp production.
However, pulp mills are producing more
energy than they are using.
UPM has invested significantly in the use
of renewable and CO
2
-neutral energy to
reduce the environmental load from energy
generation.
UPM’s CO
2
target is strongly connected
to energy sources and energy efficiency.
Products
UPM products are mainly based on renewable
raw materials that are recyclable and biodegrad-
able.
Third-party-verified ecolabels are commonly
used to prove good environmental performance.
The targets for products are to increase the
share of ecolabelled products, certified environ-
mental management systems and availability
of environmental product declarations.
Emissions to air
The majority of UPM´s airborne emissions
are caused by energy generation at its pulp
and paper mills.
Choice of fuels, combustion technology and
flue gas purification are the primary ways
to reduce these emissions.
The targets for air emissions focus on the
reduction of fossil carbon dioxide emissions.
Emissions to water
UPM`s paper and pulp production is the main
source of emissions to water.
All effluents are treated both mechanically and
biologically in the effluent treatments plants,
before being released into watercourses.
Emission levels and environmental impacts
are regulated and monitored.
The targets have been set for process wastewater
volume and chemical oxygen demand (COD).
Raw materials
Biomass is the basis for all UPM busi-
nesses. Certified chain of custody systems
ensure that wood is sourced from sustain-
ably managed forests.
UPM’s Supplier Code defines suppliers’
minimum compliance requirements in
terms of responsibility with regard to
matters such as environmental impact,
human rights, labour practices, health
and safety, and product safety.
The targets related to raw materials
concern the certified fibre share and
the coverage of chains of custody.
Solid waste
Much of the process waste is either used as
raw material or in energy generation.
Most production sites have reduced the volume
of solid waste and improved handling by
sorting waste at the source.
The target for waste is to reduce the amount
of production waste sent to landfills.
Water
Water is an essential resource for pulp and
paper production, where water is used within
the process and for cooling. The share of the
other UPM units is minor.
The majority of water that is used comes from
rivers or lakes. A small amount comes from
groundwater, where water levels are monitored.
The targets for water are to decrease process
wastewater volume and effluent load.
ENERGY
2014
Fossil fuels, GWh
13,000
Renewable fuels
1)
, GWh
27,000
Purchased electricity
2)
, GWh
14,000
Purchased heat, GWh
150
1)
79% from UPM processes (e.g. bark, fibre sludge,
black liquor)
2)
Includes UPM shares of hydro, nuclear and
condensing power as well as purchases
from the market
PRODUCTS
2014
Paper
1)
, t
9,800,000
Chemical pulp
1)
, t
2,200,000
Fluff pulp, t
50,000
Converting materials, t
480,000
Plywood and veneer, m
3
800,000
Sawn timber, m
3
1,300,000
Heat, GWh
700
Electricity, GWh
4,000
By-products (waste for reuse), dry t
1,300,000
1)
Paper and chemical pulp volumes differ from
the overall production of the paper and pulp
mills because the paper and chemical pulp used
internally have been deducted from the number
of products sold.
EMISSIONS TO AIR
1)
2014
Sulphur dioxide, t
2,800
Nitrogen oxides, t
9,600
Carbon dioxide (fossil)
2)
, t
3,800,000
1)
Direct air emissions include emissions from UPM
power plants and a respective share of co-owned
power plants connected to UPM’s energy supply.
External power plants or boilers are considered
in terms of heat supply. Hürth is taken into account
EMISSIONS TO WATER
1)
2014
Chemical oxygen demand
2)
, t
75,400
Biological oxygen demand (7 days)
2)
, t
9,200
Adsorbable organic halogens, t
270
Process waste water, million m³
240
1)
The scope is pulp and paper mills: the impact
of other UPM units is minor.
2)
Information includes the load from the Augsburg,
Caledonian, Hürth and Madison paper mills to
external effluent treatment plants as well as external
users of UPM’s treatment plants. COD is not mea-
sured at Madison. BOD is not measured at Hürth.
RAW MATERIALS
2014
Wood, m
3
26,300,000
Market pulp, t
1,800,000
Paper for recovery, t
3,400,000
Purchased paper for converting, t
210,000
Minerals, t
2,500,000
Plastics, adhesives, resins, films, t
170,000
Co-mingled domestic waste
1)
, t
220,000
1)
At UPM Shotton, a Material Recovery and
Recycling Facility (MRRF) sorts co-mingled waste,
of which the recovered paper fraction is reused
at the paper mill.
SOLID WASTE
1)
2014
To landfills, dry t
134,000
To temporary storage,
2)
dry t
20,000
To municipal incineration plants, dry t
600
Hazardous waste for special
treatment
3)
, t
3,900
1)
Includes process and production waste. Also
sorted waste from UPM Shotton’s MRRF plant is
included.
2)
In 2014, 12,000 dry t of solid waste have
been taken out from the temporary storages to be
reused.
3)
The main forms of hazardous waste are oil and
other oil waste that is either reused or recycled.
UPM is working with local licenced external
partners on hazardous waste treatment.
WATER UPTAKE
1)
2014
Surface water, million m
3
470
Groundwater, million m
3
21
Communal water, million m
3
4
1)
Rainwater is not used in the process but it can
be gathered and led to watercourses, depending
on the site.
for electricity as there is a direct supply from
the neighbouring power plant.
2)
In addition to direct CO
2
emissions, UPM is
also evaluating and reporting its indirect CO
2
and other greenhouse gas emissions. Power
purchased from the grid results in an additional
2.7 million tonnes. Areas such as transport and raw
material production result in an additional 6.7 million
tonnes. Detailed information can be found on
UPM’s website.
UPM’s material balance 2014