125 / 128
INDEX
125
bin Laden, Osama,
18
See also
terrorism
Lake Al-Hammar, 26
Lake As-Saniyah, 26
League of Nations, 44–45, 48, 49
See also
United Nations
Lebanon, 45, 53, 63, 74
literacy rate,
88
Lloyd George, David, 45
Madinat as-Salam (“the City of Peace”).
See
Baghdad
mandates, ruling, 44–51
See also
Great Britain
al-Mansur,Abu Jafar, 93
See also
Baghdad
manufacturing, 79,
80
See also
economy
maps,
23
,
66
,
85
Mecca, 36–37, 38
See also
Islam
Mesopotamian civilization, 19, 22, 33–36, 38,
40–42, 44
See also
history
Mishraq, 79
Mongols, 40, 41, 94
See also
history
Mosul, 28, 30, 34, 41, 44, 54, 79, 93, 94–95
Muhammad, 36–38, 39, 73–74, 75, 87
See also
Islam
Mukhabarat, 76
Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 51–52, 54
National Assembly (Majlis al-Watani), 76
See also
government
nationalism,Arab, 43, 44, 48, 49, 51–52, 54
natural resources, 78–79,
80
See also
oil
al-Nayif,Abd al-Razzaq, 57–58
Nebi Yunus, 95
Nebuchadnezzar (King), 34–35
Nineveh, 34, 95
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, 16
See also
United Nations
O’Brien, Mike, 77
oil, 17, 19, 29, 47–48, 51, 58, 62–63, 64, 77–78,
80
, 94, 95, 104
See also
economy
“oil-for-food” programs.
See
sanctions
Operation Desert Fox, 70–71
Operation Desert Storm.
See
Gulf War (1991)
Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries (OPEC), 64
See also
oil
Orlando,Vittorio, 45
Ottoman Empire, 40–44, 46, 94, 95, 101
See also
history
Pahlavi, Mohammad Reza (Shah), 101–102
Palestine, 49–50
Persia, 35–36, 40
See also
history
Persian Gulf, 21, 22
political parties, 51, 54–55, 56–61
Kurdish, 84
See also
Baath Party
population, 27, 84,
85
, 88, 93, 94, 95, 96
al-Qaeda, 18
See also
terrorism
Qasim,Abd al-Karim, 52, 53–57, 104
See also
Free Officers
Qur’an, 38, 39, 74, 75, 87
See also
Islam
Ramadi, 25
Reagan, Ronald, 62, 63
regions.
See
geographic regions
Republican Guard, 57, 66–67, 76, 96
Resolutions, United Nations.
See
United
Nations
Revolutionary Command Council (RCC), 76
See also
government
Roman Empire, 36
Rumsfeld, Donald, 103,
108
,
115
Rutbah, 27
Safavid Empire.
See
Persia