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LURE - THRU THE AGES
Eternal India
en cyclop edia
defeated in 1817. The Third Maratha War
(1817-18) was short but decisive.
Lord Hastings concluded a series of trea-
ties with different Rajput States in 1817 and
1818 on the basis of defensive alliance,
perpet-
ual friendship, protection and subordinate co-
operation. One by one the Rajput States ac-
cepted British suzerainty and sacrificed their
independence for protection.
Thus, when Lord Hastings left India in
1823, the British Empire in India was es-
tablished on a secure basis.
LORD AMHERST
1823-28
The first Burmese War and the capture of
Bharatpur was the most important event of
his period.
LORD WILLIAM BENTINCK
Lord William Bentinck, was Governor-
General from 1828-35. Bentinck introduced
three grades of judges.
A Regulation of 1832 introduced the jury
system in Bengal.
In 1829 Bentinck declared the practice of
Sati as illegal and punishable as "culpable
homicide". He had the support of Raja Ram
Mohan Roy.
Another great reform of Lord William
Bentinck is the suppression of the organised
bands known as Thugs who
murdered
helpless
travellers.
More than 3000 Thugs were
caught during 1831-37.
The decision to introduce
Western knowledge and science
through the medium of English
was initiated during the time of
Lord William Bentinck.
LORD HARDINGE
1844-48
The British Secretary of War.
He had participated in the
Peninsular War and Waterloo. The
most important event of his
period was the first Sikh War and
the Treaty of Lahore (1846); He
carried out many reforms, made
arrangements for the preservation
of
ancient
monuments
and
suppressed the practice of human
scarifice in Orissa.
LORD DALHOUSIE
British Conquests in India up
to 1856
British Territories
He is called the builder of the British
Empire in India. The Second Sikh War and
the Second Burmese War were fought during
his tenure. After the First Sikh War Punjab
was annexed in 1849. After the Second Bur-
mese War lower Burma was annexed. Lord
Dalhousie is famous for his application of
Doctrine of Lapse under which a number of
It took the British another 50 years to establish
their domination over the entire country. The
Industrial Revoluton provided a new impetus
to the policy of British expansion in India.
The vast market and resources of India
could be fully subordinated to British economic
interests only by establishing fall administrative
control over the country.
states were annexed by him if their ruler died
without leaving any natural heir. Dalhousie
annexed Satara (1848), Jaipur and Sham-
balpur (1849), Baghat (1850), Udaipur (1852),
Jhansi (1853), Nagpur (1854). In 1856 he
annexed Oudh. Dalhousie also abolished titles
and pensions, telegraphs and railways were
introduced for the first time in India. He fol-
lowed the policy of free trade. All ports of
India were declared free. He reformed the
postal system. Universities were established
in 1857 in Madras, Bombay & Calcutta.
Surat Fotress
Fort St. George, Madras