AOAC-RI ERP Book - FAOM METHOD.pdf

ALL

OURNAL OF

AOAC I

NTERNATIONAL

98, N

. 2, 2015

397

Determination of Dietary Starch in Animal Feeds and Pet Food

by an Enzymatic-Colorimetric Method: Collaborative Study

ARY

ETH

ALL

U. S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706

Collaborators: J. Arbaugh; K. Binkerd; A. Carlson; T. Doan; T. Grant; C. Heuer; H. D. Inerowicz; B. Jean-Louis; R. Johnson;

J. Jordan; D. Kondratko; E. Maciel; K. McCallum; D. Meyer; C. A. Odijk; A. Parganlija-Ramic; T. Potts; L. Ruiz; S. Snodgrass;

D. Taysom; S. Trupia; B. Steinlicht; D. Welch

Received August 5, 2014.

The method was approved by the Expert Review Panel for Dietary

Starch.

The Expert Review Panel for Dietary Starch invites method users

to provide feedback on the First Action methods. Feedback from

PHWKRG XVHUV ZLOO KHOS YHULI\ WKDW WKH PHWKRGV DUH ¿W IRU SXUSRVH

and are critical to gaining global recognition and acceptance of the

methods. Comments can be sent directly to the corresponding author

methodfeedback@aoac.org.

Mention of any trademark or proprietary product in this paper does

not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the USDA or

the Agricultural Research Service and does not imply its approval to

the exclusion of other products that also may be suitable.

Corresponding author’s e-mail:

marybeth.hall@ars.usda.gov

DOI: 10.5740/jaoacint.15-012

FOOD COMPOSITION AND ADDITIVES

Starch, glycogen, maltooligosaccharides, and other

Į DQG Į OLQNHG JOXFRVH FDUERK\GUDWHV

H[FOXVLYH RI UHVLVWDQW VWDUFK DUH FROOHFWLYHO\ WHUPHG

³GLHWDU\ VWDUFK´ 7KLV QXWULWLRQDOO\ LPSRUWDQW IUDFWLRQ

LV LQFUHDVLQJO\ PHDVXUHG IRU XVH LQ GLHW IRUPXODWLRQ

IRU DQLPDOV DV LW FDQ KDYH SRVLWLYH RU QHJDWLYH HIIHFWV

RQ DQLPDO SHUIRUPDQFH DQG KHDOWK E\ DIIHFWLQJ HQHUJ\

VXSSO\ JO\FHPLF LQGH[ DQG IRUPDWLRQ RI IHUPHQWDWLRQ

SURGXFWV E\ JXW PLFUREHV $2$& 0HWKRG

WKDW

ZDV XVHG IRU PHDVXULQJ GLHWDU\ VWDUFK LQ DQLPDO IHHGV

ZDV LQYDOLGDWHG GXH WR GLVFRQWLQXHG SURGXFWLRQ RI D

UHTXLUHG HQ]\PH $V D UHSODFHPHQW DQ HQ]\PDWLF

FRORULPHWULF VWDUFK DVVD\ GHYHORSHG LQ WKDW KDG

DGYDQWDJHV LQ HDVH RI VDPSOH KDQGOLQJ DQG DFFXUDF\

FRPSDUHG WR RWKHU PHWKRGV ZDV FRQVLGHUHG 7KH

DVVD\ ZDV IXUWKHU PRGL¿HG WR LPSURYH XWLOL]DWLRQ RI

ODERUDWRU\ UHVRXUFHV DQG UHGXFH WLPH UHTXLUHG IRU

WKH DVVD\ 7KH DVVD\ LV TXDVL HPSLULFDO JOXFRVH LV

WKH DQDO\WH GHWHFWHG EXW LWV UHOHDVH LV GHWHUPLQHG

E\ UXQ FRQGLWLRQV DQG VSHFL¿FDWLRQ RI HQ]\PHV 7KH

PRGL¿HG DVVD\ ZDV WHVWHG LQ DQ $2$& FROODERUDWLYH

VWXG\ WR HYDOXDWH LWV DFFXUDF\ DQG UHOLDELOLW\ IRU

GHWHUPLQDWLRQ RI GLHWDU\ VWDUFK LQ DQLPDO IHHGVWXIIV

DQG SHW IRRGV ,Q WKH DVVD\ VDPSOHV DUH LQFXEDWHG

LQ VFUHZ FDS WXEHV ZLWK WKHUPRVWDEOH Į DP\ODVH LQ

S+ VRGLXP DFHWDWH EXIIHU IRU K DW

& ZLWK

SHULRGLF PL[LQJ WR JHODWLQL]H DQG SDUWLDOO\ K\GURO\]H

Į JOXFDQ $P\ORJOXFRVLGDVH LV DGGHG DQG WKH

UHDFWLRQ PL[WXUH LV LQFXEDWHG DW & IRU K DQG

PL[HG RQFH $IWHU VXEVHTXHQW DGGLWLRQ RI ZDWHU

PL[LQJ FODUL¿FDWLRQ DQG GLOXWLRQ DV QHHGHG IUHH

HQ]\PDWLFDOO\ UHOHDVHG JOXFRVH DUH PHDVXUHG 9DOXHV

IURP D VHSDUDWH GHWHUPLQDWLRQ RI IUHH JOXFRVH DUH

VXEWUDFWHG WR JLYH YDOXHV IRU HQ]\PDWLFDOO\ UHOHDVHG

JOXFRVH 'LHWDU\ VWDUFK HTXDOV HQ]\PDWLFDOO\ UHOHDVHG

JOXFRVH PXOWLSOLHG E\

GLYLGHG E\ WKH

ZHLJKW RI WKH DV UHFHLYHG VDPSOH )LIWHHQ ODERUDWRULHV

WKDW UHSUHVHQWHG IHHG FRPSDQ\ UHJXODWRU\ UHVHDUFK

DQG FRPPHUFLDO IHHG WHVWLQJ ODERUDWRULHV DQDO\]HG

KRPRJHQRXV WHVW PDWHULDOV UHSUHVHQWLQJ DQLPDO

IHHGVWXIIV DQG SHW IRRGV LQ GXSOLFDWH XVLQJ WKH GLHWDU\

VWDUFK DVVD\ 7KH WHVW VDPSOHV UDQJHG IURP WR

LQ GLHWDU\ VWDUFK FRQWHQW DQG LQFOXGHG PRLVW FDQQHG

GRJ IRRG DOIDOID SHOOHWV GLVWLOOHUV JUDLQV JURXQG

FRUQ JUDLQ SRXOWU\ IHHG ORZ VWDUFK KRUVH IHHG GU\

GRJ NLEEOHV FRPSOHWH GDLU\ FDWWOH IHHG VR\EHDQ

PHDO DQG FRUQ VLODJH 7KH DYHUDJH ZLWKLQ ODERUDWRU\

UHSHDWDELOLW\ 6' V

IRU SHUFHQWDJH GLHWDU\ VWDUFK LQ

WKH WHVW VDPSOHV ZDV ZLWK D UDQJH RI

DQG DPRQJ ODERUDWRU\ UHSHDWDELOLW\ 6'V V

DYHUDJHG

ZLWK D UDQJH RI

WR 7KH +RU5DW DYHUDJHG

IRU DOO WHVW VDPSOHV DQG IRU WHVW VDPSOHV

FRQWDLQLQJ JUHDWHU WKDQ GLHWDU\ VWDUFK 7KH +RU5DW

UHVXOWV DUH FRPSDUDEOH WR WKRVH IRXQG IRU $2$&

0HWKRG

ZKLFK PHDVXUHV VWDUFK LQ FHUHDO

SURGXFWV ,W LV UHFRPPHQGHG WKDW WKH GLHWDU\ VWDUFK

PHWKRG EH DFFHSWHG IRU 2I¿FLDO )LUVW $FWLRQ VWDWXV

tarch is an important, frequently analyzed component

of animal feedstuffs. It can have substantial positive

effects on animal performance and potential undesirable

effects on glycemic response and animal health (1). AOAC

2I¿FLDO 0HWKRG

920.40

for starch in animal feeds (2) is no

longer valid because of discontinued production of the enzyme

³5KR]\PH 6´ 5RKP DQG +DDV 3KLODGHOSKLD 3$ VSHFL¿HG

in the procedure. Accordingly, another approved method for

starch in animal feeds is needed. Additionally, new terminology

LV QHHGHG WR GH¿QH ³VWDUFK´ WR PRUH DFFXUDWHO\ GHVFULEH WKH

QXWULWLRQDOO\ UHOHYDQW IUDFWLRQ RI LQWHUHVW DQG WKH GH¿QLWLRQ FDQ

be used to specify the analysis.

6WDUFK KDV ORQJ EHHQ GH¿QHG DV D QDWXUDO YHJHWDEOH SRO\PHU

consisting of long linear unbranched chains of

-1,4-linked

D-glucose units (amylose) and/or long

-1,6-branched chains

-1,4-linked glucose units (amylopectin; 3). However, the

DP\ODVHV DQG DP\ORJOXFRVLGDVHV WKDW VSHFL¿FDOO\ K\GURO\]H

the linkages in plant starch also hydrolyze those same linkages

in glycogen from animal (4) or microbial (5) sources and in

maltooligosaccharides that are breakdown products of starch