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TNM clinical & pathological
TNM is a dual system with:
• (pretreatment) Clinical classification (cTNM or TNM)
• (postsurgical histopathological) Pathological classification (pTNM).
Both classifications are retained unaltered in the patient's record.
• The former is used for the choice of treatment
• The latter is used for the estimation of prognosis and the possible
selection of adjuvant therapy