Publication Name

Reduced snow cover

Flooding from intense

precipitation and

accelerated snowmelt in

spring and winter

Increase in frequency and

intensity of wildfires

Climate hazard

Key vulnerabilities

Key risks

• Heavy reliance of winter tourism economy on

steady snow cover

• High geographic exposure of agricultural and

farming land, homes, property and assets, including

physical exposure of rural and urban populations

to potentially flooded areas

• Ageing energy infrastructure located in

downstream flood-prone areas

• Poor land management and spatial planning

practices

• Limited capacity of local and national public

institutions to respond immediately to natural

disasters, as well as to adapt to increased floods

• Tailings dams containing toxic pollutants in

abandoned or poorly maintained/poorly monitored

facilities at risk of failure due to flooding events

• Exposure of landmine sites in at-risk floodplains

with possibility of dislodging landmines

• High exposure of forests, agricultural land and

other important habitats (e.g., protected areas)

• High exposure of settlements and physical assets,

including tourism operations, in wildfire-prone

areas including coastal mountains and inland

mountain areas

• Lack of early-warning and fire-fighting capacities

• Populations, including urban, living in the vicinity

of wildfire areas and exposed to gas and particulate

matter (PM) from wildfire smoke

• Economic and livelihood losses for mountain communities

reliant on ski tourism due reduced snow cover

• Significant economic and livelihood losses at the

individual, local and national levels (including affecting

GDP of national economies) due to flooding, including

loss of land productivity due to land pollution (e.g.

sludge)

• Risk of landslides

• Death and injury due to flooding

• Displacement of populations post-flood event

• Outbreaks of existing or novel diseases post-flood event

• Polluted water courses and related health issues due to

flooding in industrial hotspots

• Pollution-related damages to riparian habitats and

agricultural land due to flooding in industrial hotspots

• Decreased public safety due to flooding in landmine sites

• Loss of habitats and ecosystem services

• Loss of biodiversity, habitats and ecosystem services, as

well as land degradation due to wildfires

• Significant economic and asset losses and disruptions

to livelihoods at the individual, local and national levels

and/or high rehabilitation costs

• Displacement of people and communities

• Death or injury through direct or in-direct health

impacts e.g. respiratory health problems due to wildfires

ECONOMIC

SOCIAL

ENVIRONMENTAL

INSTITUTIONAL

ECONOMIC

ENVIRONMENTAL

SOCIAL

ENVIRONMENTAL

ECONOMIC

INSTITUTIONAL

ENVIRONMENTAL

SOCIAL

Summary of Key hazards, vulnerabilities and risks

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