Publication Name

European Union and countries from South-East

Europe and the Black Sea region.

In October 2012,

the Energy Strategy of the Energy Community was

adopted; the first step towards streamlined and cost-

efficient energy infrastructure planning in the region.

The Strategy considers the impacts of climate change

in order to appropriately adapt the current energy

production and consumption patterns.

An Energy Efficiency Law has been adopted by

all countries, with the exception of the FBiH and

FYR Macedonia. Nevertheless, in FBiH, this law

is currently undergoing the adoption procedure

within parliament, while the Ministry of Economy

in FYR Macedonia has adopted certain energy

efficiency measures, including a Rulebook on

Energy Performance of Buildings and a Rulebook on

Labelling of Energy-Related Products.

Western Balkan countries submitted their first and

second NEEAPs, apart from BiH (pending its first

and second NEEAPs) and Albania (pending its

second NEEAP). Measures contained in the NEEAPs

are targeted at buildings, industry, appliances and

lighting, transportation, and agriculture. In addition,

there are horizontal measures which include

awareness-raising and training, innovative financing

schemes, metering and billing provisions, subsidies,

and fiscal measures. The NEEAPs of Albania, FYR

Macedonia, Serbia and the United Nations Interim

Administration Mission in Kosovo

(UNMIK)

foresee setting up National Energy Efficiency Funds

to contribute to the implementation of the NEEAPs.

Croatia has had an Environmental and Energy

Efficiency Fund in place since 2007, with one of the

most developed incentive systems in the region. The

Croatian NEEAP plans to establish energy efficiency

teams within units of local and regional authorities,

to ensure continuous monitoring of energy

consumption in their own facilities, implement

awareness-raising activities, and enable systematic

energy management and local energy planning.

It should be noted that adaptation measures in

the energy sector in the Western Balkans are not

explicitly indicated as such, and there are no specific

adaptation measures for mountainous areas. The

policies take into consideration sectors such as

industry, building, transport and the economy.

Gender issues are addressed in the policies.

Transportation, infrastructure and

communication

Transportation, infrastructure and communication

policies are key to economic growth and transition

in the Western Balkans region. The transportation

sector, in particular, has significant environmental

implications; an efficient transportation sector

would reduce the emissions of GHG and lessen

impacts of air pollutions on human health. While

the transportation system in South-Eastern Europe

has improved in recent years, standards are still

generally low, and in the region’s large, rapidly

growing cities, traffic is one of the main causes of

poor air quality. Among the problems contributing

to inefficiencies in the transportation sector are

ageing vehicles, poor vehicle maintenance, variable

fuel quality, the poor condition of many roads, and

frequent traffic congestion. In FYR Macedonia, BiH

and Serbia, the use of leaded fuel has been reduced

but not yet banned. Public transportation within

and between cities is inadequate, although demand

for it has grown steadily in recent years, and demand

for freight transportation doubled between 2001

and 2006.

TRANSPORT, INFRASTRUCTURE AND COMMUNICATION

Albania

Croatia

FYR

Macedonia

Montenegro

Serbia

Kosovo*

Regional

(Joint responses)

Bosnia

and Herzegovina

*This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244/99 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence.

Policy Evaluation Matrix

Mainstreaming

of adaptation

goals and targets

Adaptation

targets

Availability of

implementation

tools

Mountain

adaptation

considerations

Regional/transboundary

adaptation considerations

Monitoring

and Evaluation

Participation

1- low or not considered at all

2- low or mentioned at least

3- somewhat integrated/present

4- high or fully integrated