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World Ocean Assessment Overview
10
Sewerage
Storm water
Agricultural run-o
Manufacturing waste
Industrial
Nuclear
Pharmaceuticals
Microbes
Inorganic
particulate
material
Macro and micro
solid waste
Decreased human
health
Increased
production costs
Contaminated
food
Contaminated
water
Decreased ecosystem
health (e.g. dead zones)
Radioactive
Poisonous
Corrosive
Infectious
Smothering/choking
Smelly
Spills
Acquaculture
Medical
Organic matter
Chemicals
Biological
Heavy metals
IMPACT
PRESSURE
Land based and marine industry sources
of pollution
Source: Adapted from SickWater? GRID-Arendal 2010
- selected pressures and impacts
Multiple
pressures interact
cumulatively in ways that
are poorly understood but
that can amplify the effects
expected from each
individual pressure
(Ref: WOA Summary
page 33).
Illustration of selected pressures and impacts with regard to pollution
(Ref. WOA Summary, pages 26 to 29).