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WINE.

57

water

renders

the

milk

thin,

and

gives

it

a

bluish

color,

which

is

often

covered

by

yellow

dyestuffs.

For

preserv-

ing,

salicylic

acid,

borax,

soda,

etc.,

are

added;

to

give

diluted

milk

more

body,

different

ingredients

are

dis-

solved

in

it,

as

corn-starch,

flour,

dextrine,

glue

and

emulsions

of

hemp,

poppy,

etc.

It

is

capable

of

ab-

sorbing

noxious

odors

and

emanations,

and

may

con-

vey

the

infection

of

scarlet

and

typhoid

fevers

from

in-

fected

milk-rooms.

Great

care,

therefore,

is

to

be

observed

in

keeping

milk.

The

store-rooms,

as

the

vessels

containing

it,

should

be

clean

and

free

from

odors.

The

appearance

of

milk,

its

taste,

its

change

in

boil-

ing,

and

after

long

standing

are, for

the

majority,

the

only

proofs

of

its

quality.

The

different

lactometers

and

galactometers

furnish

satisfactory

results

only

in

the

hands

of

experts.

tone.

WHETHER

it

should

be

allowed

to

artificially

im-

prove

wines,

and

whether

such

improvement

is

to

be

called

adulteration

depends

entirely

on

our

definition

of

the

word

"

wine."

Wine

is

either

fermented

grape-

juice,

or

it

is

a

delicious

beverage

obtained

from

fer-

mented

grape-juice.

These two

definitions

differ

very

widely.

The

first

one

forbids

absolutely

the

applica-

tion

of

any

means

that

might

alter

the

wine,

of

any

sub-