418 / 1068
The Royal Marsden
Inclusion criteria
– Tumors within 1 mm of mesorectal fascia (ie,
potential circumferential resection margin
involvement)
– T3 c (extramural spread 5-15 mm) and T3 d
(extramural spread >15 mm), regardless of N stage
– MRI T4a or T4b disease regardless of N stage
– Low rectal cancer with tumor bordering the
intersphincteric/ distal TME plane on MRI
– Tumors with MRI extramural venous invasion
(mrEMVI)