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Contents
Preface
..................................................................................................................16
Acknowledgments
..............................................................................................18
Resident Trauma Manual Authors
...............................................................19
Chapter 1: Patient Assessment
......................................................................21
I.
Diagnostic Evaluations
.........................................................................21
A. Full-Body Trauma Assessment ....................................................21
B. History...............................................................................................22
C. Head and Neck Examination........................................................24
1. Upper Third.................................................................................24
2. Middle Third...............................................................................24
3. Lower Third.................................................................................26
4. Otoscopy.....................................................................................26
5. Neurologic Examination..........................................................27
D. Infection Control..............................................................................27
E. Imaging Studies...............................................................................27
F. Laboratory Tests .............................................................................28
G. Digital Photographs........................................................................28
II. References
..............................................................................................28
Chapter 2: General Principles in Treating Facial, Head,
and Neck Trauma
...............................................................................................30
I.
Special Mechanisms of Injury
...........................................................30
A. Gunshot Wounds............................................................................30
1. Ballistic Sequences...................................................................30
2. Main Factors Affecting Projectile Strike..............................30
B. Blast Injuries.....................................................................................32
1. Mechanisms for Causing and Types of Blast Injury.........32
II. Traumatic Brain Injuries
......................................................................34
A. Closed Head Injuries.......................................................................34
1. Classification by Presenting Signs and Symptoms...........34
2. Classification by CT Findings.................................................34
3. Classification by Anatomy......................................................34
4. Initial Assessment.....................................................................34
B. Penetrating Head Injury.................................................................35
C. Cautionary Notes on the Acute Management of
Patients with Head Injury..............................................................35