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Ale
and
Beer.
Of
leaden
Morpheus
o’er
my
eyes
had
shed
Its
opiate
influence.
What
though
sore
ills
Oppress,
dire
want
of
chill-dispelling
coals,
Or
cheerful
candle,
save
the
makeweight’s
gleam
Haply
remaining
;
heart-rejoicing
ale
Cheers
the
sad
scene,
and
every
want
supplies.
Ale
was
first
made
from
malted
barley
alone.
Beer
(from
the
German
word
bier)
was
the
name
given
long
afterwards
to
ale
flavoured
with
bitters,
such
as
hops,
&c.
Hops
were
first
inti’oduced
from
Germany
in
the
year
1524,
during
the
reign
of
Henry
VIII.:—
Turkies,
carp,
picarell,
and
heere,
Came
into
England
all
in
one
year.
Ale-houses
were
first
licensed
in
the
reign
of
Charles
II.
That
variety
of
beer
called
Porter
derives
its
name
from
its
consumption
by
the
London
porters,
and
other
hard-working
men.
It
was
first
called
Entire,
or
entire
butt,
because
drawn
from
one
cask.
The
malt
liquors
previously
in
use
were
ale,
beer,
and
twopenny.
It
was
then
customary
to
call
for
a
tankard
of
three
thirds
(or
three
threads),
which
was
a
mixture
of
a
third
each
of
ale,
beer,
and
twopenny.
This
obliged
the
drawer
to
go
to
three
casks
to
supply
a
single
tan-
kard.
To
improve
upon
this
system,
a
brewer
named
Harwood,
in
1722,
made
a
liquor
he
called
entire,