952
A P P E N D I X C
Topical agents
■■
TABLE C Topical agents (continued)
Drug
Brand name
Dosage
Usual indications/special considerations
Antifungals (continued)
miconazole
Daktarin, Eulactol,
Resolve
Apply to area b.d. for
2 weeks after clinical
signs disappear
Treatment of various fungal infections
terbinafine
Lamisil
Apply to area b.d. until
clinical signs are
improved; 1–4 weeks
Do not use occlusive dressings; report
local irritation; discontinue if local
irritation occurs
tolnaftate
Mycil, Tinaderm,
Tineafax
Apply small amount
b.d. for 2–3 weeks;
4–6 weeks may be
needed if skin is very
thick
Cleanse skin with soap and water
before applying drug, dry thoroughly;
wear loose, well-fitting shoes if feet
affected; change socks at least q.i.d.
Pediculocides/scabicides
crotamiton
Eurax
Thoroughly massage
into skin over entire
body, repeat in
24 hours; person
should take a
cleansing bath or
shower 48 hours after
last application
Change all bed linens and clothing
the next day; contaminated clothing
can be dry cleaned or washed in hot
water; shake well before using
permethrin
Lyclear, Pyrifoam,
Quellada
Thoroughly massage
into all skin areas;
wash off after
8–14 hours; shampoo
into freshly washed,
rinsed and towel-
dried hair, leave on
for 10 minutes, rinse
Single application is usually curative;
notify healthcare provider if rash,
itch becomes worse; approved for
prophylactic use during head lice
epidemics
Keratolytics
podophyllum resin
Posalfilin
Applied only by doctor
Do not use if wart is inflamed or
irritated; very toxic; use minimum
amount to avoid absorption
podophyllotoxin
Condyline
Apply q 12 hours for
three consecutive
days
Allow to dry before using area; dispose
of used applicator; may cause
burning and discomfort
Pain relief
capsaicin
Zostrix
Do not apply more
than three to four
times per day
Provides temporary relief from the
pain of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid
arthritis, neuralgias; do not bandage
tightly; stop use and seek medical
help if condition worsens or persists
after 14–28 days
Burn preparations
silver sulfadiazine
Flamazine, Silvazine
Apply daily to b.d. to
a clean, debrided
wound; use 3–5 mm
thickness
Bathe person in a whirlpool to aid
debridement; dressings are not
necessary but may be used; reapply
when necessary; monitor for fungal
infections
Oestrogens
oestradiol
Sandrena
Applied once daily
onto the skin of the
trunk or thigh
Treatment of climacteric symptoms
following menopause; attempt to
taper every 3–6 months
