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12
Land Cover and Land Use
Almost 75 per cent of the land area in the basin
is forest and bush. Cropped land with mostly
rain-fed agriculture covers 13 per cent of the
land area, and grassland covers about 8 per cent
of the land area.
Land cover and land use have great impacts
on water resources, as they affect how
precipitation translates into runoff, infiltration,
evaporation, and the quality of the water (Hirji
et al.
2002).
Figure 1.4
ANGOLA
BOTSWANA
ZIMBABWE
MOZAMBIQUE
MALAWI
TANZANIA
ZAMBIA
Moist evergreen forest and grassland
Source: adapted from Timberlake, J. 2000. Biodiversity in the Zambezi Basin. Biodiversity Foundation for Africa. Bulawayo
Dry evergreen forest
Miombo woodland
Mopane woodland
Mosaic of deciduous forest and grassland
Swamp/floodplain vegetation
Coastal vegetation
Zambezi River Basin vegetation
©Angel Herrero de Frutos/iStockphoto.com