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241 Many issues need to be taken into account, ranging from the detailed design of display
formats, and the way these formats fit together in the hierarchy, through to the actual desk layout,
number of screens, and the overall operational environment. This interface is the nerve centre of
the operator’s work, and its design is very much a human factors issue.
242 In order to design the HCI it is imperative that the operator’s activities are well understood,
and all the different operational circumstances considered. EEMUA 201 details a number of steps
that should be taken including:
task analysis, to capture the full remit of the operator’s role;
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end-user involvement in the system design;
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ensuring that the number of screens allows for complete access to all the necessary;
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information and controls under all operational circumstances;
ensuring that the design allows for a permanently viewable plant overview;
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providing continuous access to alarm indications;
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providing the capability to expand the number of screens.
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243 The guide provides further advice on issues that have to be considered in taking these steps,
including:
the physical layout and number of screens;
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use of multi-windows;
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use of large screen displays;
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navigational requirements – based on a hierarchy of screens;
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information access;
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management of abnormal situations;
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automation;
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plant size;
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process complexity;
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staffing levels, and multi-unit operation;
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reliability/redundancy/system failure.
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244 BS EN ISO 11064
112
sets a standard for ergonomic design of control centres. It is divided
into seven parts, as follows:
Part 1: Principles for the design of control centres.
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Part 2: Principles for the arrangement of control suites.
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Part 3: Control room layout.
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Part 4: Layout and dimensions of workstations.
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Part 5: Displays and controls.
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Part 6: Environmental requirements for control centres.
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Part 7: Principles for the evaluation of control centres.
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245 In the absence of a more up-to-date company standard, procedure or specification, projects
should follow this standard and EEMUA 201 for new control rooms, and they can be usefully referred
to for modifications and upgrades to existing ones, especially where there are known problems.
246 Part 1 sets up a generic framework relating to ergonomic and human factors in designing
and evaluating control centres, with the view to eliminating or minimising the potential for human
errors. It includes requirements and recommendations for a control centre design project in
terms of philosophy and process, physical design and design evaluation. It can be applied to the
elements of a control room project, such as workstations and overview displays, as well as to the
overall planning and design of entire projects.
247 Other parts of BS EN ISO 11064 deal with more detailed requirements, and may be
considered as advanced references.