16-17 / 40
Contents and progress record
Use this page to plot your revision. Colour in the boxes when you feel confident with the skill and
note your score and time for each test in the boxes.
l
How to use this book
5
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Working with numbers .......................................
28
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Problems involving scale ....................................
30
l
Shapes and shading ..............................................
32
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Line styles and angles ..........................................
34
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3D views of 2D pictures ......................................
36
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2D views of 3D pictures ......................................
40
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Test 2.......................................................................
42
Part 2: Skills for solving questions
26
/ 20
:
2
Numbers, shapes and relationships
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What you can expect to see .............................
12
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Working out what is important .......................
14
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Questions where the picture changes ...........
16
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Questions where the picture moves ...............
18
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Questions involving algebra...............................
20
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Questions involving matrices ............................
22
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Test 1.......................................................................
24
Part 1: What is Non-Verbal Reasoning?
10
1
General themes and question types
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:
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10
Part 1: What is Non-Verbal Reasoning?
1
General themes and question types
Introduction
When you first look at a set of Non-Verbal Reasoning questions, you may find it difficult to know
where to start. They may not seem to relate to anything you have encountered at school, so
where do you begin?
You might be surprised to find out that Non-Verbal Reasoning questions are closely linked to
areas of Maths. The learning ladders below show you how these unfamiliar questions are actually
testing skills you already have, just in a slightly different way. Simpler Non-Verbal Reasoning
skills appear at the bottom of t e ladders, working towards the more challenging skills at the top.
Matrices
NON-VERBALREASONING
LEARNING LADDER
Connectionswith codes
Sequences
Translation
Rotation
Reflection
Placement
Shapesand shading
2Dviewsof3D shapes
Line stylesandangles
Workingwithproportion
Workingwithnumbers
Handlingdata
MATHEMATICS
LEARNING LADDER
Algebra
Positionanddirection
Measurement
Propertiesof shapes
Ratioandproportion
Fractions
Numberandplacevalue
Calculations
This section, Part 1, explains which areas of Maths can help you break down the questions into
steps that are easy to follow. It then looks at a few of the different types of questions you might
find them in.
In Parts 2 and 3, you will work from the simpler skills at the bottom of the learning ladder to the
more challenging skills further up. You will reach the top of the ladder in Part 3!
Non-VerbalReasoningquestions are testing anumberof skills. Some relate to the ability to
identifypatternsbetween shapes; some linkmore closely tomemory, such as themore complex
translations and rotations inChapter3.Othersquestions relate to spatial abilities, for example,
where the task is to visualise a three-dimensional (3D) shape from adifferent angle.
Advice for parents
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Non-Verbal Reasoning Workbook Age 8–10 – C: Codes, sequences and matrices
The support of 11+ tutors, independent school teachers, test writers and specialist authors has ensured that all
books in this essential new range are accessible, engaging and provide exceptional preparation.
■
Handy contents pages double as progress records, to easily track progression throughout the course
■
No prior knowledge of non-verbal reasoning required, chapter introductions link the skills with work already
covered in maths lessons
■
Clear chapter headings divide revision into manageable chunks
Non-Verbal Reasoning
■
Covers all skills and question types that could be encountered in
pre-tests and 11+ independent school exams
■
Includes helpful insight into the exams, with practical tips and advice
■
Topics including sequences, translations and matrices
11+ Non-Verbal Reasoning
STUDY AND REVISION GUIDE
■
Practise extensively with over 300 questions in each book
■
Develop problem-solving skills and techniques
■
Improve speed in answering questions
Non-Verbal Reasoning
workbooks
■
Perfect exam technique with a variety of exam-paper styles under
timed conditions
■
Identify weaker areas and improve results with detailed model answers
and commentary
■
Help children to improve their response rates with timed papers
11+ Non-Verbal Reasoning
practice papers
non-Verbal Reasoning
3 Linksofposition anddirection
48
Placement
Skilldefinition:
Findpatternswhere thepositionof the elements change,or showdirection.
l
Youhave seen that there canbemanydifferent elements in aNon-VerbalReasoningquestion.
Sometimes the
position
inwhich they areplaced can alsobe important.
l
The common featuresyoumay come across are:
•
patternsmadeupof groupsof shapes
•
thedirection inwhich a shapeor arrow ispointing
•
thepositionof shapes in relation to eachother
(such asnext to a sideor vertex) and
whether they are touchingor separate
•
shapes thatoverlap and create layers.These
generally stay the same shade although, in
moredifficult examples, the shadingmay
change aswell.
l
Sometimes the changing feature is a space rather
than anyof the elements in an image.Here the
gaps in the squares are all facingoutwards.
Method
Look at the two setsofpictureson the left connectedby arrows anddecidehow thefirst
pictureshavebeen changed to create the second.Now apply the same rule to the third set
and circle the letterbeneath the correct answer from thefiveoptions.
a
b
c
d
e
l
This is a variationon the
Applyingchanges
questiononpages30–31,with an extra example.
l
Startby comparing thefirstpairofpictures.
•
Thewhite circleon the leftdoesnot change
•
Theblack and striped shapes change in shading and also inposition– themiddle shape
overlaps the right-hand shape in thefirstpicturebut the right-hand shapeoverlaps the
middle shape in the secondpicture.
l
Now look at the second setofpictures.
•
Theblack staron the leftdoesnot change.
•
Themiddle and right-hand shapes appear to change shading and shape.However, the rule
used to change thebottom setofpictures is the same as in the top set, even though it is
moredifficult to seewhat is goingonwith thepolygon and the triangle.
l
Finally apply the same rule to thepictureon the right.
•
Thewhite trianglewillnot change,whichmeansyou can rejectoptions
a
and
e
.
•
Lookingat the two shapeson the rightof thispicture,you know that the right-hand shapewill
overlap the shape in themiddle.Both
c
and
d
could stillbe correct,butnot
b
.
•
Youalsoknow that the shading
and
theposition swap, sooption
c
mustbe thecorrectanswer.
Drawshapeson
tracingpaperso
thatyoucan look
atthenewshapes
createdwhenyou
overlapthem in
differentways.
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Placement
49
Train
1
The setof squareson the right ismadeupofone large
‘transparent’ square and anumberofother smaller squares
that are shaded eitherblackorwhite.
(a)
Howmany squares are there in thispicture?
(b)
In the setof triangles above, thewhite triangles are all ‘transparent’ and the same size.
What is the totalnumberof triangles,bothblack andwhite, in thepicture?
Try
Look at the two setsofpictureson the left connectedby arrows anddecidehow thefirst
pictureshavebeen changed to create the second.Now apply the same rule to the third set
and circle the letterbeneath the correct answer from thefiveoptions.
2
a
b
c
d
e
Test
3
a
b
c
d
e
4
a
b
c
d
e
5
a
b
c
d
e
Test time:
02:00
9781471849251.indb 49
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11+ Non-Verbal Reasoning Study and Revision Guide –
Contents and progress record
11+ Non-Verbal Reasoning Study and Revision Guide –
Chapter 3: Links of position and direction
C Codes, sequences andmatrices
44
Sequences 2
Have a go
In these sequences eachpicture changes in someway from thepicturebefore it.Complete
thefinalpicture in each sequence.
1
2
Forquestions3 and4draw themissingpicture in the sequence.
3
4
5
Look at all the elements in this sequence.Then answer thequestions about iton the answer
linesbelow.
(a)
Which shape rotates90° clockwise?
(b)
Which shape increasesbyone each time?
(c)
Which shape alternates itsposition?
Test yourself
Thefiveboxeson the left show apattern that is arranged in a sequence.Choose the answer
option that completes the sequencewhen inserted in theblankbox.Circle the letterbeneath
the correct answer.For example:
a
b
c
d
e
9781471849343.indd 44
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Sequences2
45
The followingquestionshave either a spaceor anoutline forwhere themissingpicture in the
sequencebelongs.
1
a
b
c
d
e
2
a
b
c
d
e
3
a
b
c
d
e
4
a
b
c
d
e
Try it out
Drawfivecircles.Drawasequenceof fourpatterns in themand leaveoneblank. Infiveothercircles,
suggestsomeansweroptionsandsee ifa friendorparentcanguesswhich is themissingpattern.
Score
/4
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18
Paper 10
Look at these setsofpictures. Identify theone that ismostunlike theothers.Circle the
letterbeneath the correct answer. For example:
a
b
c
d
e
1
a
b
d
c
e
2
a
b
c
d
e
3
a
b
c
d
e
4
a
b
c
d
e
5
a
b
c
d
e
6
a
b
c
d
e
Test time:22:00
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11+ Non-Verbal Reasoning Practice
Papers 2 – Paper 10
Te l :
0 2 0 3 1 2 2 6 4 0 5
I
V i s i t :
g a l o r e p a r k . c o . u k
Te l :
0 2 0 3 1 2 2 6 4 0 5
I
V i s i t :
g a l o r e p a r k . c o . u k
11+ REVISION & PRACTICE
Learning ladders show how skills in
non-verbal reasoning link to familiar areas of
maths children have learned in school
11+ Non-Verbal
Reasoning Study and
Revision Guide – Learning
Ladder for Chapter 1
1 5
1 4
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Wendy Chapman, Tutor
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