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Static dose surrogate in 3D; convolve over a box function

(

)

(

)

1

" , , "

0 , ,

elsewhere

x

x

y

y

z

z

f

x f

f

y f

x y z

f

z f

x y z

Ψ

 − ≤ ≤

 

− ≤ ≤

 

=  

− ≤ ≤

 

(

)

(

) (

)

{

p

if , >>

p

p

1

" ,0, 0 "

" ', ', ' "

',

',

' d dydz

1 1

Erf

Erf

2

2

2

y z

x

x

f f

x f

x f

D x

x y z k x x y y z z x

σ

Ψ

σ

σ

∞ ∞ ∞

−∞ −∞ −∞

+

=

− − −

= ⋅

∫ ∫ ∫

where

2

4

and a 3D Gaussian ”kernel”:

(

)

2

2

2

2

2

2

p

p

p

(

')

(

')

(

')

2

2

2

3/ 2 3

p

e

e

e

',

',

'

2 2

x x

y y

z z

k x x y y z z

σ

σ

σ

π σ

− − − =

Same result along ”main” axes as

for a 1D Gaussian (same

σ

p

)!

In margin recipes common to

assume dose profile as ”straight out of a large target”. Convolution

model assumes infinite number of fractions, where

4

2

0

2

4

4

2

0

x

y

2

2

p

p

σ σ σ

→ +