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p16INK4A (p16):
•
Also known as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor
2A (CDKN2A)
•
Cell cycle progression is unchecked via the
activation of p16, a cyclin-dependent kinase
inhibitor that functions as a checkpoint
inhibitor.
•
Immunohistochemistry for p16 has been used as
a surrogate for HPV involvement.
•
In addition to p16 - the prognosis is affected by
tumour infiltrating lymphocytes TILs
Gilbert DC, et al, Tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte scores effectively stratify outcomes
over and above p16 post chemo-radiotherapy in anal cancer. Br J Cancer. 2016