145 / 188
143
The highest energy consumption is during the climb flight of a plane. For short
distances of 1,500 km or less, the proportion of the energy consumption for the climb
flight is much higher than compared to a transatlantic or transpacific flight. The shortest
distance is generally taken for the calculation. In addition, 95 km are added for any
planned or not planned actions during the transportation.
In Table 6.10 the energy consumption for different distances is given for medium
and long haul range.
T
able 6.10 Energy consumption for airfreight [3]
Medium range
Long range
Distance Belly freight
B757-200
Airfreight B767-
300F
Distance Belly freight
B747-400
Airfreight
B747-400F
km kg/t km
km kg/t km
1,500 0.290
0.190
3,700 0.257
0.148
2,000 0.273
0.180
4,000 0.255
0.148
2,500 0.264
0.174
6,000 0.254
0.147
3,000 0.258
0.171
8,000 0.259
0.150
3,700 0.254
0.168
10,000 0.267
Example 9:
A 100 kg computer is transported with airfreight fromNewark/USA to Frankfurt/
Germany. The flight distance is 6,305 km. The energy consumption is:
F
= 0,1 t x (6,305 + 95) km x 0.147 kg/t km = 92.6 kg of kerosene.
6.4 Emissions during warehousing
6.4.1 Warehousing in a supply chain
Warehouses still have an important role in a supply chain. They buffer imbalances
in supply chains. Warehouses are installed upstream in a supply chain between suppliers
and a producing company, as well as downstream between a retailer and the final
customer. The typical tasks of a warehouse in a supply chain are:
• Receiving goods.
• Storing goods.
• Dispatching goods.
Warehouses are found at major logistics nodes like highways, airports, train
stations and harbours. As in a lot of other logistics situations, a trade-off between
delivery service and costs exists. Customers of consumer goods do not want to wait
a couple of days for their products ordered from an online-retailer. They expect their
delivery the next day. New concepts of retailers even offer same-day-delivery possibilities
to customer. To handle this service level, the inventory of stock must be sufficient to
meet customer demand. This could result in high inventory and large warehouses which
are typical cost-drivers. Sometimes, high costs for storing products are necessary. Spare