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frequency-encoding (read-out) direction:
•
non-linearity of the gradient
• static field inhomogeneity
(= static difference in resonance frequency)
phase-encoding direction:
•
non-linearity of the gradient
Result: geometrical distortion in spin-echo
imaging
x
G
x
G
zyx B
G
zyxB x x
x
) , ,(
) , ,(
0
1
∆
+
∆
+=
y
G
G
B
y y
y
∆
+=
1