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4

Wines.

in

various

countries.

For

weeks

previously,

the

weather

is

anxiously

watched

from

day

to

day

;

for

upon

a

continuance

of

weeks

of

fine

weather

the

savour

and

bouquet

of

the

wine

essentially

depend.

Warmed

by

the

glare

of

an

unclouded

sun,

tem-

pered

by

mild

westerly

winds,

and

moistened

by

dews,

the

grapes

ripen

and

attain

their

exquisite

flavour.

When

all is

ready

for

the

gathering,

every

one

is

astir.

The

contents

of

the

vehicles

which

come

loaded

from

the

vineyard

are

no

sooner

deposited

in

the

cuvier,

or

wine-press,

than

the

treaders

jump

in

and

proceed

to

stamp

out

the

pui’ple

juice,

standing

in

it

almost

up

to

their

knees.

The

wine-press

consists

of

shallow

tubs

of

different

sizes,

with

holes

in

the

side

level

with

the

bottom,

from

which

the

juice

runs

out,

and

passing

through

a

sieve

is

strained

from

the

husks

into

vessels

below,

ready

to

receive

it.

The

treaders

continue

thus

employed

till

all

the

juice

has

passed

through

into

the

vessels

below.

It

takes

nearly

an

hour

to

tread

out

all

the

juice

from

a

good-sized

cuvier

the

juice

is

then

emptied

from

the

receiving

vessels

into

large

vats,

and

the

residue

remaining

in

the

cuvier

is

added

to

the

juice

in

the

vats.

When

these

are

sufficiently

full,

the

fermentation

proceeds

;

and

so

powerful

is

the

emanation

of

carbonic

acid