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DISTILLATION

17

OP

DISTILLATION,

AND

THE

APPARATUSES

MADE

USE

OF.

The

apparatus

for

distilling,

upon

which

many

im-

provements

in

France

are

founded,

is

that

of

M.

Adam.

In

a

furnace,

situated

in

one

corner

of

the

distillery,

is

placed

a

still

built

into

the

masonry.

The

head

is

in

the

form

of

a

dome,

solidly

fixed

with

the

cucurbit.

From

the

centre

of

this

dome

a

tube

ascends,

as

thick

as

a

man's

arm

;

and

this

runs

into

the

first

vessel,

placed

on

one

side

of

the

still,

which

is

fixed

upon

strong

joists.

From

this

vessel

issues

a

second

tube,

similar

to

the

first,

but

in

the

form

of

an

arch,

which

enters

into

an-

other

vessel,

also

resembling

the

first,

which

communi-

cates

with

a

third

in

the

same

manner.

In

this

apparatus,

thus

simplified,

there

are

several

points

to

be

considered

In

the

first

place,

all

the

vessels

fixed

upon

the

joists

are

made

in

the

form

of

an

egg,

and

have

their

two

ends

placed

vertically.

Secondly,

that

the

entering

tubes,

viz.

those

which

proceed

from

the

still

to

the

first

egg,

and

from

the

first

to

the second,

&c.

have

their

extremities

in

the

bottom

of

each

egg^

and

there

form

something

like

the

head

of

a

garden

or

watering

pot,

pierced

with

several

holes.

Thirdly,

the

last

of

these

eggs,

when

there

are

but

three,

and

sometimes

the

two

last,

when

there

are

four,

are

furnished

with

a

cooler

in

their

upper

part

;

and

this

is

always

filled

with

water

while

the

distillation

is

going

on.

These

vessels,

with

their

refrigerators,

are

called

condensers.

Every

distiller

does

not

use

condensers

;

the

majority

2*